Synthesis, In Vitro and In Silico Antibacterial Evaluation of 4,5-Dihydro-1H -Indazoles

Abstract

Synthesis and evaluation of in‐vitro and in‐silico anti‐bacterial potential of a series of 4, 5‐dihydro‐1H‐indazoles is reported here. The synthesis of the target 4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐indazoles was accomplished by reacting 1,5‐diaryl,4‐acetyl cyclohexen‐3‐one with hydrazine hydrate and selected hydrazides. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their anti‐bacterial potential against Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium. Among the synthesized indazoles, N,N‐dimethyl‐4‐(3‐methyl‐6‐phenyl‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐indazol‐4‐yl)aniline and 3‐methyl‐4‐(3‐nitrophenyl)‐1,6‐diphenyl‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐indazole exhibited highest antimicrobial activity against Salmonella typhimurium i. e. MIC50= 3.85 and 4.12 mg/ml respectively. Docking studies were also carried out to provide an insight into binding interaction with the active site of respective enzyme.

Synthesis of New Chiral (R)‐BINOL Derivatives under Microwave Irradiation and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial and α‐Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity

“…However bacteria have strengthened themselves against all present day therapeutic options because of the prolonged, disproportionate and excessive usage. Thus the growing capacity of bacterial resistance to the present day antibiotics surfaces a chronic medical challenge especially in treating pathogenic infections . Therefore the present day commercial antibiotics need to be replaced with compounds which are more potent and less sensitive.…”

“…Thus the growing capacity of bacterial resistance to the present day antibiotics surfaces a chronic medical challenge especially in treating pathogenic infections. [1][2][3] Therefore the present day commercial antibiotics need to be replaced with compounds which are more potent and less sensitive. Bacterial resistance against various antibiotics is spreading its tentacles across the globe causing serious threats to human health.…”

“…The BINOL ring framework is among these bioactive scaffolds that have been considered one of the mainstays in providing novel chemical scaffolds for many drugs. Chiral bicyclic macrocycles, [9] Imidazole based dicationic macrocycles, [10] chiral dendrimers, [11,12] Imidazolium salts at 3,3' substitution on BINOL [13] and [2,1-b:1',2'-d] [1,6] dioxacycloalkenes [14] having BINOL as core unit show antibacterial activity. Very few reports are available on 3,3'-disubstituted chiral (R)-BINOL.…”