HIGHLIGHTS • A facile strategy for fabricating Ni x Co 1−x Se hollow nanocages was developed, and the formation mechanism was well explained. • Ni 0.2 Co 0.8 Se outperformed a Pt/C + RuO 2 catalyst in rechargeable and all-solid-state Zn-air battery tests, as well as in overall water splitting. • The hydrogen adsorption onto Ni x Co 1−x Se was simulated, and Gibbs free energies were calculated.