Synthesis of 3D Hollow Layered Double Hydroxide-Molybdenum Disulfide Hybrid Materials and Their Application in Flame Retardant Thermoplastic Polyurethane

Abstract

The development of high-performance thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) with high flame retardancy and low toxicity has always been the focus of its research. In this paper, the novel 3D hollow layered double hydroxide/molybdenum disulfide (LDH/MoS2) hybrid materials were synthesized by hydrothermal method using the MIL-88A as in situ sacrificial template and MoS2 as synergistic flame retardant. Among all TPU composites, the peak heat release rate, total heat release rate, and total smoke release rate of TPU/NiFeTb-LDH/MoS2 were reduced by 50.9%, 18.2%, and 35.8% compared with pure TPU, respectively. The results of the thermogravimetric infrared analysis demonstrated that the contents of combustible volatiles (hydrocarbons) and toxic volatiles (CO and HCN) emitted from TPU/LDH/MoS2 were significantly reduced, indicating that LDH/MoS2 hybrid materials can dramatically enhance the fire safety of TPU composites. Combined with the analysis of carbon residues and thermal stability of TPU composites, the enhanced flame retardancy and smoke suppression performances are primarily attributed to the catalytic carbonization of LDH and the physical barrier effect of MoS2.

A CoMo@NiC2O4/NF anode and a Pb/CP cathode for a novel direct sodium borohydride-maleic acid fuel cell

“…3f, from which conspicuous lattice stripes can be seen, and the measured lattice spacings are 0.1841 nm, 0.1708 nm, 0.1841 nm, 0.1708 nm, 0.1819 nm, and 0.209 nm, corresponding to the (020), ( 210), (500), and (320) crystal planes of MoO 3 (JCPDS card no. 21-0569), 29 respectively (Fig. 3g).…”

Cooperative Effect of ZIF-67-Derived Hollow NiCo-LDH and MoS2 on Enhancing the Flame Retardancy of Thermoplastic Polyurethane

“…It is ascribed that the transition metals Ni and Co have the effect of catalytic carbonization, and the formed carbon layer can reduce the combustible gas and smoke-forming materials in the gas phase. In addition, the porous structure of 3D hollow NiCo-LDH can absorb organic volatiles generated by the thermal decomposition of TPU, which are the main source of smoke particles [ 34 ]. When TPU composite is reinforced with NiCo-LDH/MoS 2 hybrid material, its PSPR value is further reduced to 0.05 m 2 /s, clearly revealing the significant enhancement of smoke suppression performance of TPU composites.…”

“…(2) During combustion, MoS 2 and NiCo-LDH act as physical barriers, slowing down the escape of combustible, hindering the permeation of oxygen and inhibiting the exudation of toxic substances. (3) The metal oxides generated by the decomposition of NiCo-LDH/MoS 2 not only improve the degree of graphitization of the carbon layer, but also can absorb the flue gas generated during the combustion process [ 34 ]. In the gas phase, NiCo-LDH releases non-combustible gases (H 2 O, CO 2 ) that can dilute the concentration of combustible gases to some extent.…”

Thermally Stable Silicone Elastomer Composites Based on MoS2@Biomass-Derived Carbon with a High Dielectric Constant and Ultralow Loss for Flexible Microwave Electronics

“…In the field of microstrip antennas, MoS 2 is an attractive alternative due to its much lower electric conductivity compared to other popular two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene and MXene, 22 which is important to minimize dielectric and leakage current losses in the substrate. Besides, in contrast to materials like graphene, MoS 2 has lower thermal conductivity, limiting heat transport within the polymer matrix and thus effectively delaying thermal degradation, 23 which is an important consideration for the utilization of the substrate in extreme environment electronics. Therefore, developing greener and biodegradable MoS 2 -based composites with high dielectric constant and low losses is imperative.…”