Synthesis of a new organic probe 4-(4 acetamidophenylazo) pyrogallol for spectrophotometric determination of Bi(III) and Al(III) in pharmaceutical samples

Abstract

A modern development discusses the synthesis and validity of simple, sensitive, and versatile spectrophotometric methods for Bi(III) and Al(III) determination in pharmaceutical formulations have been conducted. In the present paper, 4-(4 acetamidophenylazo) pyrogallol has been synthesized as a new organic compound, 4-APAP, by coupling pyrogallol in a regulated pH medium with diazotized p-aminoacetanilide. 4-APAP was identified by methods of FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and thermal analysis (thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry). Solvatochromic activity was also studied in solvents with different polarities. The Kamlet and Taft linear solvation energy relationship was used to correlate shifts in UV-Visible spectra of 4-APAP with Kamlet-Taft parameters (α, β, and π*). The optimum assay conditions showed linearity from 0.3–13 to 0.5–11 μg·mL−1 for Bi(III) and Al(III), respectively. Molar absorptivity values were 3.365 × 104 and 0.356 × 104 L·mol−1·cm−1 for Bi(III) and Al(III), with similar Sandell's sensitivity measures of 0.006 and 0.008 μg·cm−2. Detection limits and quantification limits were 0.013 and 0.043 μg·mL−1 for Bi(III), respectively, and 0.018 and 0.059 μg·mL−1 for Al(III) with the relative standard deviation for determination of both metal ions using 4-APAP probe being <2.0%. The validity, accuracy, and efficiency of the approaches were demonstrated by the determination of Bi(III) and Al(III) in different formulations.

A Green Product Using Selective Compound for Susceptible Assessment of Copper in Blood Serum

“…The LH3 is the neutral form of 4-HAR, and is of yellow color when pH is varied from low values to 7.5. At pH >8.5, the 4-HAR molecule changes its color into orange as a result of the suggested depiction that shows the molecule bears single negative charge, anionic form LH2 -, with maximum absorption at wavelength of 445 nm [40,41].…”

Synthesis and characterization of a new azo quinoline ligand and its metal complexes with spectrophotometric determination and biological efficacy study of its Hg(II) complex

“…Azo compounds are a significant group of organic chemical compounds, and these compounds have one or more azo chromophores as (-N=N-), azo chromophore gives characteristic colors to these compounds [1]. Azo compounds can be employed as analytical reagents for the microquantity determination of different elements in multiple specimens [2][3][4]. Azo dyes are considered to be in general nonbiodegradable molecules under aerobic conditions and can be reduced to hazardous intermediate compounds under anaerobic conditions [5].…”