Synthesis of alumino-silicates functionalized titanium as potential adsorbent: An industrial possibility

Abstract

nowadays different industrial sectors are highly contributing towards the discharge of heavy metal in various environmental compartments and it is one of the foremost environmental concerns due to their high toxicity and destructive impacts impact on human health. the effluents discharge from paint and leather industries usually contain considerable amount of lead and mercury which ultimately accumulates along the food chain and causes severe damage to the nervous system. various conventional methods have been reported in past for removing heavy metal ions such as chemical precipitation, electrochemical deposition, solvent extraction, and adsorption. Among these, adsorption is of immense importance because is effective and economical mean for environmental remediation. in past adsorption studies have focused on the development and application of different materials such as silica, titanium, vanadium, alumina, aluminosilicates, chitosan, starch and cyclodextrin. currently designing of aluminosilicate based materials gain wide acceptance in multidisciplinary research areas due to their distinctive properties such as high surface area, pore volume and low operational cost. in addition to these characteristic features, the application of these materials are limited due to the lack of ion exchange ability which restricts the mobility of metals during adsorption phenomenon the present study was design to functionalize aluminosilicates with titanium chloride in order to enhance its ion exchange properties and ability to reduce harmful state of toxic metals for instance, Hg (ii). the designed materials were subjected to different spectroscopic and quantitative techniques such as fourier transform infrared spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry. the objective of present research is to prepare aluminosilicate-ti chloride by adapting simple sol-gel protocol and its functionalization with titanium chloride with simple mixing method. the synthesized material was applied adsorbent for entrapping different toxic pollutants such as mercury and lead. the formation of alumino-silicates-ti material is confirmed by the presence of distinctive ir peak at 990 cm-1.scanning electron microscopy of synthesized product reveals the microstructures with small void spaces. the X-ray diffractometry (XrD) pattern reflects the amorphous behaviour of synthesized material due to the modification of aluminosilicate with titanium chloride.

Deformation and fracture of alumina ceramics with hierarchical porosity

“…Deformation behavior of porous brittle media, in particular, ceramics, geological materials, etc., is currently studied in detail primarily for ceramic with unimodal pore-size distribution (unimodal porosity), made by the method of partial sintering [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. At the same time, it has been shown that threshold values of the pore-space volume exist for such materials at which both the deformation and subsequent fracture modes change substantially.…”

“…The latter contribute to accumulation and movement of local volumes of the material into the pore space in addition to a portion describing linear elastic strain seen at low stresses. Such deformation behavior is called pseudo-plastic because of the shape of the stress-strain curve similar to plastic metallic and elastic polymeric materials [5,6,8]. Moreover, it has been shown that the character of deformation depends on the mean pore size as well [5,6,9].…”

Effect of mechanical treatment on properties of Si-Al-O zeolites

“…The specific surface area is a dominant parameter for zeolites [4]. Obtain the necessary magnitude of specific surfaces of materials depends not only on their chemical and mineralogical composition, but also on physical, mechanical and rheological parameters of the used materials [5,6]. It is known that mechanical processing in activator mills can change the structure, specific surface area, crystal composition of zeolite containing materials and occasionally improve their processing properties [7].…”