Synthesis of broadband microstrip uncouplers for multiport complex loads

Characterizing Optimal Multiport Matching Transformers

“…The matrix D = I − S H L S L is called the dissipation matrix by Czawka [8], or the radiation matrix by [22]. If the N -port consumes power (P L ≥ 0) for all its voltage and current pairs, the N -port is said to be passive.…”

“…Lemma 1 (SIMO Gain [2]) Let an N -port load with scattering matrix S L be connected to a 1-port generator with reflectance s G by an (N + 1)-port with scattering matrix partitioned as S = s 11 S 12 S 21 S 22 (8) so that Port 1 connects to the generator while Ports 2, . .…”

Wideband Multiport Matching Phase I: Single-Feed Multiport Antennas

“…The average power delivered to the 3-port is [18, page 19], [25]: [10] or the radiation matrix [37]. The latter name is misleading because it implies that the power P L that is delivered to the antenna is actually radiated.…”

“…This decoupling technique is found in other multiport applications. For example, Czawka [10] offers broadband microstrip uncouplers for multiport complex loads. Closely allied with this SIMO design is a six-channel wideband power divider by Czawka [11].…”

Six-channel broadband inhomogeneous microstrip power divider for communication antenna array

“…Broadgand matching task for given antenna array is important for design of these systems too. This problem is very complicated because of change of input antenna complex impedance with a beam scanning because of mutual frequency dependent coupling between separate elemcnts of the antenna [3,4]. It is very difficult to synthesize and realize this multiport antenna structure in broad frequency hand [2,5,6].…”