Synthesis of carbon nanofibres from waste chicken fat for field electron emission applications

Suriani, A. B.; Dalila, A.R.; Mohamed, Azmi; Isa, Illyas Md; Kamari, Azlan; Hashim, Norhayati; Soga, Tetsuo; Tanemura, Masaki

doi:10.1016/j.materresbull.2015.04.068

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Figure 1(a,b) displays TEM and Figure 1(c) SEM images of the carbon nanofibers with the length diameter typically ranges from 300 nm to 500 nm and highly dispersed with a large number of palladium‐ruthenium nanoparticles. The prepared carbon nanofibers are comparatively different in shape to the ones described in literature [35]. This difference in shape can be ascribed to the different carbonization temperatures and mixing proportion among oil and the catalyst [36].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Electro‐oxidation of Ethanol and Methanol on Pd/C, Pd/CNFs and Pd−Ru/CNFs Nanocatalysts in Alkaline Direct Alcohol Fuel Cell

et al. 2020

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Pd/C, Pd/CNFs and PdÀ Ru/CNFs nanocomposite materials were utilized as anode nanocatalysts in lowtemperature alkaline direct alcohol fuel cells. The palladium based nanocatalysts performance and stability were firmly relying upon the attributes of the carbon nanofibers (CNFs). CNFs were successfully synthesized employing a chemical vapour deposition method. The nanocatalysts were synthesized by dispersing Pd and PdÀ Ru nanoparticles onto the CNFs surface using alcohol reduction method. The physical properties of the synthesized nanocatalysts were explored utilizing several techniques such as transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope-Energy dispersive x-ray (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) and confirmed successful synthesis of Pd/C, Pd/ CNFs and PdÀ Ru/CNFs nanocomposite. TEM showed that Pd and Ru nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed on the CNFs support surface. ICP-OES determined the palladium and ruthenium concentration in Pd/C, Pd/CNFs and PdÀ Ru/CNFs nanocatalysts to be Pd (7.67 %), Pd (7.74 %), Pd (7.82 %) and Ru (3.22 %) respectively. The three prepared nanocatalysts were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in the evaluation of ethanol and methanol oxidation reactions. CV, CA and EIS experiments of PdÀ Ru/CNFs nanocatalyst displayed superior activity towards alcohol oxidation reaction in alkaline conditions than Pd/CNFs and commercial Pd/C nanocatalysts.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Electro‐oxidation of Ethanol and Methanol on Pd/C, Pd/CNFs and Pd−Ru/CNFs Nanocatalysts in Alkaline Direct Alcohol Fuel Cell

et al. 2020

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“…Carbon nanofibers were synthesized using a method initially developed by Suriani et al . Natural oil (derived from chicken fat) was used with 5 wt % of ferrocene catalyst added, dispersed by sonication for 30 min and stirring for another 30 min to achieve complete homogeneity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carbon nanofibers were synthesized using a method initially developed by Suriani et al [37] Natural oil (derived from chicken fat) was used with 5 wt % of ferrocene catalyst added, dispersed by sonication for 30 min and stirring for another 30 min to achieve complete homogeneity. A clean silica boat substrate was then halffilled with the oil catalyst solution and heated to 470°C for 60 min to achieve complete vaporization of volatiles and stabilization of a solid pre-catalyst.…”

Section: Carbon Nanofibers Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanofibers Provide a Cationic Rectifier Material: Specific Electrolyte Effects, Bipolar Reactivity, and Prospect for Desalination

2019

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We demonstrate that ionic current rectification effects are observed with a film of negatively charged carbon nanofibers (CNFs) deposited as a film or mat onto a 10 μm diameter microhole in poly‐ethylene‐terephthalate (PET). CNFs are synthesized by using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, followed by oxidation with hydrogen peroxide to introduce carboxyl moieties (providing negative surface charges). CNFs are characterized with transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, elemental analysis, and zeta potential measurements. When drop‐dried asymmetrically onto a 10 μm diameter cylindrical channel on a 6 μm thick PET substrate and placed as a membrane between two electrolyte compartments, ionic current rectification is observed. Effects of pH, ionic strength, and nature of electrolyte are investigated. Bipolar reactivity of iodide is demonstrated. Potential for future applications in water purification are discussed.

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“…Recently, we reported the use of WEO for the production of another carbon material namely CNTs [21] and amorphous Al-Cu alloy nanowires decorated with CS [22]. The use of waste [23][24][25][26][27] and natural precursors [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] to produce carbon materials may not only be beneficial for nanotechnology research field but also preserve the environmental sustainability at the same time. The CS were synthesised using thermal chemical vapour deposition (TCVD) method while the ZnO were synthesised using the sol-gel method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Synthesis of Zinc Oxide/Carbon Spheres Nanocomposites and Field Electron Emission Properties

2017

MJAS

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Zinc oxide (ZnO)/carbon spheres (CS) nanocomposites were successfully synthesised using waste engine oil as precursor for the CS production. ZnO nanorods were grown using sol-gel immersion method with MgZnO as the seeded catalyst and thermal chemical vapour deposition was used to synthesise CS. Different configurations of ZnO/CS structures were prepared i.e. CScoated ZnO and ZnO-coated CS. The structures of composite samples were analysed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX), micro-Raman and X-ray Diffraction Spectroscopy (XRD). FESEM observations revealed the structural changes of pristine ZnO and CS in composite structures. The as-present of ZnO or CS was believed to affect the subsequent growth of another structure. Field electron emission (FEE) properties of both nanocomposites were also investigated. It was found that ZnO-coated CS sample has better FEE properties with lower turn-on (3.48 Vµm-1) and threshold field (6.35 Vµm-1) obtained at current density of 0.1 and 1 µAcm-2 , respectively. This study highlighted that nanocomposites of ZnO and CS have successfully enhanced the field emission performances of materials compared with pristine ZnO or CS due to the structural changes of material emitter.

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Synthesis of carbon nanofibres from waste chicken fat for field electron emission applications

Cited by 16 publications

References 24 publications

Electro‐oxidation of Ethanol and Methanol on Pd/C, Pd/CNFs and Pd−Ru/CNFs Nanocatalysts in Alkaline Direct Alcohol Fuel Cell

Electro‐oxidation of Ethanol and Methanol on Pd/C, Pd/CNFs and Pd−Ru/CNFs Nanocatalysts in Alkaline Direct Alcohol Fuel Cell

Carbon Nanofibers Provide a Cationic Rectifier Material: Specific Electrolyte Effects, Bipolar Reactivity, and Prospect for Desalination

The Synthesis of Zinc Oxide/Carbon Spheres Nanocomposites and Field Electron Emission Properties

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