Synthesis of carboxymethylcellulose/starch superabsorbent hydrogels by gamma-irradiation

Abstract

Background: Superabsorbent hydrogels show a large potential in a wide array of applications due to their unique properties. Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) is a commercially available water-soluble cellulose derivative of major interest in the hydrogel synthesis. High-energy irradiation allows the chemical crosslinking without the use of crosslinking agents, while the introduction of other natural or synthetic polymers offers a convenient way to modify the gels. In this study we examined the effect of the addition of starch, a low-cost renewable polysaccharide, on the properties of carboxymethylcellulose-based hydrogels.Results: Superabsorbent gels were prepared by gamma irradiation from aqueous mixtures of carboxymethylcellulose and starch. The partial replacement of CMC with starch improved the gel fraction, while a slight increase in the water uptake was also observed. However, very high starch content had a negative impact on the gelation, resulting in a decrease in gel fraction. Moreover, higher solute concentrations were preferred for the gelation of CMC/starch than for pure CMC. Hydrogels containing 30% starch showed the best properties: a water uptake of ~350 g water /g gel was achieved with ~55% gel fraction synthesized from 15 w/w% solutions at 20 kGy. Heterogeneous gel structure was observed: the starch granules and fragments were dispersed in the CMC matrix. The swelling of CMC/starch gels showed a high sensitivity to the ionic strength in water due to the CMC component. However, the mixed gels are less sensitive to the ionic strength than pure CMC gels.

Absorban Ion Logam Cu (Ii) Berbasis Hidrogel Superabsorban CMC - G - Pka/Naalg Dengan Teknik Iradiasi Sinar Gamma

“…Selain itu, pengembangan superabsorban multi-komponen yang berasal dari polimer alam dan aditif ramah lingkungan memunculkan minat yang besar karena menguntungkan dalam segi komersial dan lingkungan serta sangat dihargai sebagai material yang berpotensi untuk menghijaukan dunia pada abad 21 [14]. Hidrogel dapat disintesis menggunakan beberapa bahan baku seperti, asam akrilat (AAc) [15], Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) [16], Sodium Alginat (NaAlg) [17].…”

Potensi Kombinasi Teknologi Mutan Padi Toleran Kekeringan dan Polimer Superabsorben: Peran IPTEK Nuklir dalam Peningkatan Produksi Padi Lahan Kering

“…Radikal bebas berikatan silang diinisiasi oleh sistem inisiator atau iradiasi energi tinggi, sehingga menghasilkan gel kopolimer yang memiliki kapasitas hidrofilik yang baik [45]. Selain proses polimerisasi, radiasi pengion juga digunakan saat proses pencangkokan.…”

High performance biocompatible cellulose‐based microcapsules encapsulating gallic acid prepared by inverse microsuspension polymerization

“…A number of cellulose derivatives have been commercialized for specific applications. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a well‐known water‐soluble and pH‐sensitive cellulose derivative . It has been used as a drug delivery system and superabsorbent hydrogel .…”

“…Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a well‐known water‐soluble and pH‐sensitive cellulose derivative . It has been used as a drug delivery system and superabsorbent hydrogel . The interior morphology of CMC‐based vesicles is tunable by alteration of the crosslinker, such as divinyl sulfone, citric acid, fumaric acid and radiation crosslinking .…”

“…It has been used as a drug delivery system and superabsorbent hydrogel . The interior morphology of CMC‐based vesicles is tunable by alteration of the crosslinker, such as divinyl sulfone, citric acid, fumaric acid and radiation crosslinking . CMC has also been used as a shell to encapsulate silver nitrate conjugated with linoleic acid via the coacervation technique, as well as to prepare layered double hydroxide drug nanohybrids and CMC‐resin gum hybrid nanoparticles through the nanoprecipitation method .…”