Synthesis of conjugated polymer nanoparticles with core-shell structure for cell imaging and photodynamic cancer therapy

Kim, Choongho; Kim, Sun‐Young; Lim, Yong Taik; Lee, Taek Seung

doi:10.1007/s13233-017-5104-y

Cited by 33 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The finally purified PODTPPD‐BT polymer exhibited good solubility in a series of solvents (toluene and chlorobenzene (CB)), which can be attributed to the extended length of alkyl groups (octyldodecyl) compared to the ethylhexyl group of the PEHTPPD‐BT polymer reported in our previous work. [ 36 ] Note that the weight‐average molecular weight ( M W ) of the PODTPPD‐BT polymer (reaction time: 1 h) reached ≈8–10 kDa (depending on the work‐up process) with a good polydispersity index (PDI) of 1.3 (see various conjugated polymers with a low PDI (<2) reported to date [ 44–47 ] even though there is a possibility for incomplete polymerization). The PODTPPD‐BT films were used as a channel layer in the OFETs with a bottom‐gate‐top‐contact structure (see Figure 1b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near‐Infrared Organic Phototransistors with p‐Channel Photosensitive Layers of Conjugated Polymer Composed of bis‐Octyldodecyl‐Diketopyrrolopyrrole and Benzothiadiazole Units

Park

Lee

Kim

et al. 2020

Adv Elect Materials

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A near‐infrared (NIR)‐absorbing conjugated polymer, poly[{2,5‐bis‐(2‐octyldodecyl)‐3,6‐bis‐(thien‐2‐yl)‐pyrrolo[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐1,4‐diyl}‐co‐{2,2′‐(2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole)‐5,5′‐diyl}] (PODTPPD‐BT), which is synthesized via a Stille coupling reaction, can play a dual role (charge transport and sensing) in NIR‐sensing organic phototransistors (OPTRs). The PODTPPD‐BT films, which feature two strong optical absorption peaks at wavelengths (λ) of 830 and 935 nm, possess a highly ordered crystalline state as evidenced by the synchrotron radiation grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction (GIXD) method. The OPTRs with the PODTPPD‐BT layers show typical p‐channel transistor behaviors in the dark, while their best dark performance is measured at a PODTPPD‐BT thickness (t) of 85 nm. The highest overall photocurrent is measured at t = 85 nm under illumination with three monochromatic NIR lights, while the highest photoresponsivity (RC) is obtained for the thickest PODTPPD‐BT layers (t = 145 nm). The flexible OPTRs with the PODTPPD‐BT layers demonstrate stable sensing characteristics upon optical on/off modulations using a high‐power NIR laser diode (λ = 905 nm) used for actual light detection and ranging (LiDAR) systems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near‐Infrared Organic Phototransistors with p‐Channel Photosensitive Layers of Conjugated Polymer Composed of bis‐Octyldodecyl‐Diketopyrrolopyrrole and Benzothiadiazole Units

Park

Lee

Kim

et al. 2020

Adv Elect Materials

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“…In particular, when the structural units of both a donor and an acceptor comprise a repeating unit of the conjugated polymers, intramolecular charge transfer exists from the donor structure unit to the acceptor unit, thereby suppressing charge recombination between electrons and holes and light emission [82][83][84][85][86][87][88]. The subsequent intra-and intermolecular charge transfer processes emit heat rather than light, thus making the donor-acceptor-type conjugated polymers ideal materials for photothermal energy conversion applications [64,[87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94]. Furthermore, such donor-acceptor-type conjugated polymers have narrow band gaps, enabling the efficient absorption of NIR ( Figure 4a) [95].…”

Section: Photothermal Heating By Conjugated Polymer Nanomaterials (Cpns)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Fibers, Composites and Textiles Utilizing Photothermal and Joule Heating

Park

2020

Polymers

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This review focuses on the mechanism of adjusting the thermal environment surrounding the human body via textiles. Recently highlighted technologies for thermal management are based on the photothermal conversion principle and Joule heating for wearable electronics. Recent innovations in this technology are described, with a focus on reports in the last three years and are categorized into three subjects: (1) thermal management technologies of a passive type using light irradiation of the outside environment (photothermal heating), (2) those of an active type employing external electrical circuits (Joule heating), and (3) biomimetic structures. Fibers and textiles from the design of fibers and textiles perspective are also discussed with suggestions for future directions to maximize thermal storage and to minimize heat loss.

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“…56 On the contrary, when a passive targeting approach is taken, the nature of the tumor, which includes its leaky, highly permeable vasculature and poor lymphatic tissue characteristics, is used to selectively bring a drug to its target. This passive targeting approach could be achieved by oil dispersions, loading onto nanoparticles, encapsulation in polymeric particles or liposomes [57][58][59][60][61] , although this concept is currently controversial discussed. 62 As examples, selenium [63][64][65] , silver 66 , gold [67][68][69] and silicon [70][71][72][73][74] nanoparticles as well as upconverting nanoparticles [75][76][77] were successfully loaded with Ru(II) polypyridine complexes, forming a drug delivery vehicle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric Encapsulation of a Ruthenium Polypyridine Complex for Tumor Targeted 1- and 2-Photon Photodynamic Therapy

Karges¹,

Li²,

Zeng³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Photodynamic therapy is a medical technique, which is gaining increasing attention to treat various types of cancer. Among the investigated classes of photosensitizers, the use of Ru(II) polypyridine complexes is gaining momentum. However, the currently investigated compounds generally show poor cancer cell selectivity. As a consequence, high drug doses are needed, which can cause side effects. To overcome this limitation, there is a need for the development of a suitable drug delivery system to increase the amount of PS delivered to the tumor. Herein, we report on the encapsulation of a promising Ru(II) polypyridyl complex into polymeric nanoparticles with terminal biotin groups. Thanks to this design, the particles showed much higher selectivity for cancer cells in comparison to non-cancerous cells in a 2D monolayer and 3D multicellular tumor spheroid model. As a highlight, upon intravenous injection of an identical amount of the Ru(II) polypyridine complex, an improved accumulation inside an adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial tumor of a mouse by a factor of 8.7 compared to the Ru complex itself was determined. The nanoparticles were found to have a high phototoxic effect upon 1-photon (500 nm) or 2-photon (800 nm) excitation with an eradication of an adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial tumor inside a mouse. Overall, this work describes, to the best of our knowledge, the first <i>in vivo</i> study demonstrating the cancer cell selectivity of a very promising Ru(II)-based PDT photosensitizer encapsulated into polymeric nanoparticles with terminal biotin groups.

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Synthesis of conjugated polymer nanoparticles with core-shell structure for cell imaging and photodynamic cancer therapy

Cited by 33 publications

References 42 publications

Near‐Infrared Organic Phototransistors with p‐Channel Photosensitive Layers of Conjugated Polymer Composed of bis‐Octyldodecyl‐Diketopyrrolopyrrole and Benzothiadiazole Units

Near‐Infrared Organic Phototransistors with p‐Channel Photosensitive Layers of Conjugated Polymer Composed of bis‐Octyldodecyl‐Diketopyrrolopyrrole and Benzothiadiazole Units

Functional Fibers, Composites and Textiles Utilizing Photothermal and Joule Heating

Polymeric Encapsulation of a Ruthenium Polypyridine Complex for Tumor Targeted 1- and 2-Photon Photodynamic Therapy

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