Synthesis of high-capacity Ti- and/or Fe-substituted Li2MnO3 positive electrode materials with high initial cycle efficiency by application of the carbothermal reduction method

Influence of Initial Charge Condition on Structural Stability and Electrochemical Properties of Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 Cathode Materials

“…In fact, a spot originating from the formation of spinel-like structure was observed by the selected-area electron diffraction upon initial charging [14]. Chemical composition studies have widely examined in zLi 2 MnO 3 -(1-z)LiMO 2 system adopted set of Ni, Co, Mn, Fe, Ti, Cr, Al, and so on as M atom, and which then has improved the capacity, rate capability, cycle performance, thermal stability, and material cost [15][16][17][18][19][20]. Furthermore, it is revealed that stepwise initial charging leads to the improvement of cycle performance because the cathode material can be activated with less surface damage arising from oxygen removal [21].…”

Synthesis and electrochemical characterization of Ni- and Ti-substituted Li2MnO3 positive electrode material using coprecipitation–hydrothermal–calcination method

“…First, more severe reduced atmosphere will be selected after calcination (applying carbothermal reduction method.) [22]. Second, KMnO 4 will be used as Mn-source instead of MnCl 2 Á4H 2 O [20].…”

“…However, poor high-rate and low-temperature characteristics continue to present difficulties for this composition. Future work must be needed using various strategies developed by our previous reports [20][21][22].…”

“…Our group found novel Li 2 MnO 3 -based positive electrode materials such as Fe-substituted Li 2 MnO 3 [16][17][18], Fe-and Nisubstituted Li 2 MnO 3 [19][20][21], Ti-substituted Li 2 MnO 3 [22] and Feand Ti-substituted Li 2 MnO 3 [22] using coprecipitationhydrothermal-calcination. Through that research, reduction of the average oxidation state of constituent transition metal ions was found to improve electrochemical properties by selecting calcination them in inert or reduced atmosphere [19,21,22].…”

“…Through that research, reduction of the average oxidation state of constituent transition metal ions was found to improve electrochemical properties by selecting calcination them in inert or reduced atmosphere [19,21,22].…”