Synthesis of macroporous three-way catalysts via template-assisted spray process for enhancing mass transfer in gas adsorption

Kitamoto

et al. 2023

Langmuir

Self Cite

Mass transfer is an essential process that can extend the performance and utilization of nanoporous materials in various applications. Therefore, improving mass transfer in nanoporous materials has always attracted much interest, and macroporous structures are currently being studied to enhance mass transfer performance. The introduction of macroporous structures into three-way catalysts (TWC), which are widely utilized to control the emission of polluted gases from vehicles, provides the potential to enhance their mass transfer property and catalytic performance. However, the formation mechanism of macroporous TWC particles has not yet been investigated. On the other hand, the influence of the framework thickness of the macroporous structure on the mass transfer enhancement is still unclear. Therefore, this report investigates the particle formation and framework thickness of the macroporous TWC particles synthesized using the template-assisted aerosol process. The formation of macroporous TWC particles was precisely controlled and investigated by altering the size and concentration of the template particles. The template concentration played a crucial role in maintaining the macroporous structure and controlling the framework thickness between the macropores. Based on these results, a theoretical calculation showing the influence of template concentration on the particle morphology and framework thickness was developed. The final results showed that increasing the template concentration can positively affect the nanoporous material’s framework thickness reduction and mass transfer coefficient improvement.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Designing the Macroporous Structure of Three-Way Catalyst Particles: The Influence of Template Concentration on Framework Thickness and Mass Transfer

Kitamoto

et al. 2023

Langmuir

Self Cite

“…In the spray pyrolysis process, droplets of the liquid precursor are formed via ultrasonication (He and Wang, 2019;Ogi et al, 2020;Septiani et al, 2021;Le et al, 2022) and promptly carbonized at high temperatures under the protection of inert gases (Balgis et al, 2015;2017). The size and morphology of the resulting CSs can be adjusted by changing the reaction conditions, reactant concentration ratios, and carbonization temperature.…”

Section: Template-free Synthesis Of Carbon Spheresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in the Fabrication and Functionalization of Nanostructured Carbon Spheres for Energy Storage Applications

Iskandar

Tanabe

et al. 2023

KONA

Self Cite

The development of energy storage devices providing high energy and power densities and long-term stability will play an important role in the future utilization of sustainable energy sources. Numerous efforts have been devoted to achieving these requirements, especially the design of advanced electrode materials. For this reason, there is growing interest in the innovation of new carbon-based materials with enhanced electrochemical performance. Nanostructured carbon spheres (CSs) have attracted significant attention due to their prominent properties, such as high surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, tunable porosity, and surface functionality. This review offers a comprehensive overview into the recent advances of nanostructured CSs within the last five years, focusing on synthetic strategies for producing carbon particles with precisely controlled morphologies and interior structures, as well as the potential applications of these particles as high-performance electrode materials in rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors. The challenges and perspectives on future research directions are highlighted, focusing on the controlled synthesis and functionalization of nanostructured CSs with tunable structures and properties that are well-suited to practical applications. This review is intended to serve as a helpful resource to researchers involved in the fabrication of new CS materials and the development of methods to control their structure and morphology.

“…Another study conducted by Nomoev et al successfully produced submicron-sized Cu@SiO 2 by using a tubular reactor with an electron beam evaporator in the absence of oxygen, but this method requires a pure ingot of Cu, which is less abundant than its metal salt. Furthermore, in a comparison of the metal transition from metal salt to its metal alloy in the gas phase, the spray pyrolysis method has advantages over the aforementioned methods such as low cost, versatility in maintaining a reduced atmosphere, − ease in controlling the particle’s size, morphology, − and chemical composition, − as well as prevention of agglomerating particles . Therefore, spray pyrolysis with a closed electric furnace system is highly considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-Step Aerosol Synthesis of SiO₂-Coated FeNi Particles by Using Swirler Connector-Assisted Spray Pyrolysis

Septiani

Yamashita

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

Self Cite

Silica-coated soft magnetic particles are essential for some powder magnetic cores consisting of primary (coarse particles) and secondary (fine particles) soft magnetic particles in the advancement of electric devices. Herein, we report the first investigation on the direct synthesis of submicron-sized silica-coated FeNi (FeNi@SiO2) particles as the secondary particle using a connector-assisted spray pyrolysis route. Provided by computational fluid dynamics calculation in applying different connector types, i.e., T-shaped and swirler, we found that the mixing performance between FeNi and HMDSO vapor in the swirler connector played an important role in resulting heterogeneous nucleation, which is crucial for obtaining the higher coating ratio (CR) and fewer undesired nanoparticles than that of the T-shaped connector. The as-prepared submicron-sized FeNi@SiO2 particles (353 nm) with the highest CR (95.9%) demonstrated a remarkable DC bias characteristic (I sat) and eddy current loss values on a powder magnetic core, promising the practical application in manufacturing soft magnetic components.