Synthesis of Nano-Photocatalyst ZnO-Natural Zeolite to Degrade Procion Red

Abstract

The development of textile factories has had a significant impact on the environment because dye wastewater is difficult to degrade. The handling of textile wastewater usually involves the adsorption method, in which pollutants only transfer to another phase. As an alternative solution, a photodegradation method was developed using photocatalyst material assisted by ultraviolet irradiation. In this photodegradation method, dye substances are broken down into components that are simpler and safer for the environment. The possibility of using sunlight as a radiation source makes this a particularly promising method for countries such as Indonesia. Procion red, one of the most commonly utilized synthetic dyes in the home textile or Batik industry, was used as a model pollutant in this study. The objectives of the present research were to synthesize and characterize a nano-photocatalyst of ZnO-natural zeolite with the capacity to degrade Procion red. This nano-photocatalyst was synthesized using the sol-gel method, by which Zn(CH3COO)2 2H2O was used as a precursor and combined with natural zeolite to increase its photocatalytic ability. The nano-photocatalyst was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). The activity of nano-photocatalyst ZnO-natural zeolite was compared to ZnO alone and natural zeolite alone in terms of its ability to degrade Procion red. An average photocatalyst crystallite diameter of 82 nm was achieved, proving that a nano-sized photocatalyst of ZnO-natural zeolite was successfully synthesized. BET characterization showed that nanophotocatalyst ZnO-natural zeolite had a specific surface area of 14.84 m 2 /g, a pore size of 32.71 nm, and a pore volume of 0.12 cm 2 /g. A peak Procion red degradation percentage of 96.23% was obtained using nano-photocatalyst ZnO-natural zeolite after 120 minutes of irradiation under sunlight applied to a Procion red concentration of 50 ppm.

Preparation and Characterization of ZnO-Zeolite Nanocomposite for Photocatalytic Degradation by Ultraviolet Light

“…The common chemical feature in the photocatalytic process is the hydroxyl radicals formation as an oxidizer of organic pollutants (Zawadzki et al, 2018). The photodegradation method is cheaper and easy to apply (Agustina et al, 2020). Photocatalysis is a combination of a catalyst and photochemical processes.…”

Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO/MnFe₂O₄ Nanocomposites for Degrading Cationic Dyes

“…The formula to get the percentage of dye degradation is shown in equation (1), where Co and C represent the solution's initial and post-degradation concentrations, respectively.…”

“…These contaminants are transformed into more environmentally friendly O 2 and H 2 (Mano et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2015). A photocatalyst is used in the photodegradation process to break down the procion red dye (Agustina et al, 2020). Anionic and cationic dye organic pollutants are degraded by nanocomposite Fe 3 O 4 /ZnO photocatalysis (Długosz et al, 2020).…”

Synthesis and optimization of Ni/Mo-impregnated kaolin-based ZSM-5 as a catalytic hydrocracking catalyst for heavy petroleum distillates

“…11 There has been much interest in nding more affordable, environmentally friendly alternative starting materials to synthesize ZSM-5. [12][13][14] Since it provides the components required for an aluminosilicate zeolite material, kaolin has been widely studied as a zeolite precursor. It is well recognized for being a cheap catalyst due to its widespread use and role in the production of zeolites.…”