Synthesis of Nanoscale Platinum Colloids by Microwave Dielectric Heating

Yu, Weiyong; Tu, Weixia; Liu, Hanfan

doi:10.1021/la9806505

Cited by 198 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…After such high temperature annealing process, the specific capacitance of RuO 2 .xH 2 O would be significantly reduced. A new method must be developed for making Pt or PtRu on RuO 2 .xH 2 O at low temperature such as <150 o C. It was reported that the microwave was applied to the boiling temperature at which the metal nanoparticles are formed [21], [22]. The advantage of this method is that the solution will rapidly heat up and cool down (less than 1 minute) to accelerate the reduction of the metal precursor ions and the nucleation of the metal particle in order to guarantee the particle size on the order of nm.…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition of Pt and Pt-Ru Nanoparticles on RuO2.xH2O Using Microwave Method for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Zheng¹,

Tiwari²

2017

JOCET

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Abstract-An easy and quick way to deposit platinum (Pt)-ruthenium (Ru) alloy nanoparticles on hydrous ruthenium dioxide (RuO 2 .xH 2 O) as supporting materials was developed using microwave heating. The x-ray diffractometer and selective area electron diffraction (SAED) showed that Pt-Ru alloy was formed. The transmission electron microscopic (TEM) image showed that average size of Pt-Ru was about 2-3 nm. Cyclic voltammogram of a Pt-Ru/RuO 2 .xH 2 O electrode showed high specific capacitance due to the protonation reaction in the acidic electrolyte and catalytic activity, including the methanol oxidation. The new Pt-Ru/RuO 2 .xH 2 O can be used as anode electrode materials in monolithic fuel cell/supercapacitor hybrid energy devices, since it has already been demonstrated that a layer of RuO 2 .xH 2 O sandwiched between anode catalytic layer and a membrane improved the dynamic response of the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC).Index Terms-Direct methanol fuel cell, super capacitor, hybrid, and RuO 2 .xH 2 O. I. INTRODUCTIONAmong the different types of fuel cell, the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) has particular advantages including ease operation, miniaturization and a simple fuel supply system [1]- [4]. In recent years, research interest in high power DMFC modules has increased. This kind of power module is mainly designed for applications where high power mobile electrical energy sources are required (i.e. electrical vehicles and portable electronics devices) [1], [2], [5], [6]. Nevertheless, many problems relating to the operation of DMFCs under realistic operating conditions (i.e. dynamic operating conditions), have not been solved [7]- [11]. Therefore, all available fuel cell systems currently employ a large bank of battery or electrochemical (EC) capacitor between the electric load and fuel cell to buffer transient load demands [12], [13]. This buffer system brings the difficulties of further limiting the miniaturization of the fuel cell power system and lowering system cost. Therefore, it is attractive to be able to operate the DMFC system reliably and effectively without such a buffer system or at least with a much smaller one in order to widen the market for DMFC.The poor performance of the DMFC is due to the poor kinetics of the anode reaction and fuel crossover [3], [14], [15]. Compared with losses in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) such as activation polarization, electrolyte ionic resistance, electrode ionic/ohmic resistance, DMFC also Manuscript received November 10, 2015; revised March 10, 2016. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Army CERDEC.J. P. Zheng and V. Tiwari are with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA (e-mail: zheng@eng.fsu.edu, tiwarvi@eng.fsu.edu).includes larger anode activation overpotential and fuel crossover. The mass transport loss in DMFC is also much greater than that in PEMFC. The low catalyst utilization is due to the fact that only a relatively small amount of the catalyst surface materials ...

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Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition of Pt and Pt-Ru Nanoparticles on RuO2.xH2O Using Microwave Method for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Zheng¹,

Tiwari²

2017

JOCET

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“…On the other hand, from the viewpoint of nanofabrication, it has been demonstrated that the size of the produced nanostructures in a colloid system could be decreased by introducing polymeric surfactant molecules to the synthesis system [30,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. These polymeric surfactant molecules are suggested to work as stabilizer or capping agents to hamper the further growth of the formed nanospecies, resulting in smaller nanostructures [30,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. For example, it has recently been reported that the size of the Ag/AgCl nanoparticles could be decreased with the assistance of polymeric surfactant molecules, poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) [40].…”

Section: Synthesis and Characterization Of Ag/ag 3 Po 4 And Go Hybridmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, it has recently been reported that the size of the Ag/AgCl nanoparticles could be decreased with the assistance of polymeric surfactant molecules, poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) [40]. On the basis of these well-documented understandings [30,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] and accompanied by our experimental facts, we suggest that in our system the GO nanosheet, an unconventional amphiphilic polymer, might work as capping agent or stabilizer to hamper the further growth of the Ag/Ag 3 PO 4 nanoparticles, resulting in smaller size of the formed nanostructures. Similar results have been reported in other systems [28][29][30].…”

Section: Synthesis and Characterization Of Ag/ag 3 Po 4 And Go Hybridmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visible-light-driven Ag/Ag3PO4-based plasmonic photocatalysts: Enhanced photocatalytic performance by hybridization with graphene oxide

2012

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An efficient visible-light-driven plasmonic photocatalyst with regard to graphene oxide (GO) hybridized Ag/Ag 3 PO 4 (Ag/ Ag 3 PO 4 /GO) nanostructures has been facilely synthesized via a deposition-precipitation method. The synthesized nanostructures have been characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-vis spectra, Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectra. It has been disclosed that compared with the bare Ag/Ag 3 PO 4 nanospecies, the GO hybridized nanostructures display enhanced photocatalytic activity for the photodegradation of methyl orange pollutant under visible-light irradiation. It is suggested that the reinforced charge transfer and the suppressed recombination of electron-hole pairs in Ag/Ag 3 PO 4 /GO, the smaller size of Ag/Ag 3 PO 4 nanospecies in Ag/Ag 3 PO 4 /GO, all of which are the consequences of the hybridization of GO, are responsible for the enhanced photocatalytic performance. The investigation might open up new opportunities to obtain highly efficient Ag 3 PO 4 -based visible-light-driven plasmonic photocatalyst for the photodegradation of organic pollutants.

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“…[37][38][39] This review deals with the effects of US and MW on the catalyst preparation as well as reduction. As far as catalyst preparation is concerned, the advantages of sonication and MW irradiation, such as reductions in preparation time and excellent catalytic performance, are emphasized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ultrasound and Microwaves on Selective Reduction: Catalyst Preparation and Reactions

Borretto

Medlock³

et al. 2014

ChemCatChem

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Synthesis of Nanoscale Platinum Colloids by Microwave Dielectric Heating

Abstract: Polymer-stabilized platinum colloids with nearly uniform spherical shape were prepared by microwave dielectric heating. The average diameters of the as-prepared platinum colloids were 2−4 nm with a narrow size distribution in regard to the preparation conditions.

Cited by 198 publications

References 21 publications

Deposition of Pt and Pt-Ru Nanoparticles on RuO2.xH2O Using Microwave Method for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Deposition of Pt and Pt-Ru Nanoparticles on RuO2.xH2O Using Microwave Method for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Visible-light-driven Ag/Ag3PO4-based plasmonic photocatalysts: Enhanced photocatalytic performance by hybridization with graphene oxide

Effects of Ultrasound and Microwaves on Selective Reduction: Catalyst Preparation and Reactions

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