Synthesis of nanosized silver particles in ion-exchanged glass by electron beam irradiation

Abstract

Ag particles of 4.2 nm mean diameter have been formed inside a glass matrix, doped with silver by ion exchange, by electron beam irradiation of the glass cut into thin slices by ultramicrotomy. By this treatment, a high concentration of particles which are homogeneously arranged throughout the glass and exhibit a narrow size distribution is achieved ͑volume fraction of particulate silver: 3.5 ϫ10 Ϫ2). The interface stress reflecting the particle/matrix interaction is comparable to that of isolated Ag particles. This new route of synthesis will allow to generate materials with strong third order nonlinear susceptibility.

Structural Characteristics of Metal Nanoparticles in Glass Upon Irradiation-Assisted Processing

“…Irradiation processing was performed in a conventional TEM (EM 10 CR) using an extraordinary large beam current density of 6.4 A=cm 2 at 100 kV acceleration voltage [12,16]. Before this processing, the glass was cut into 30 nm thick slides using an ultramicrotome to allow uniform interaction with the electron beam.…”

“…Ion irradiation enables redistribution of pre-formed particles [9] and mixing of insulator-metal layer compounds to get particulate composites [10,11]. Ionising radiation like X-ray or electron beams cause reduction of metal ions contained in glass [12,13]. Laser irradiation may induce redox reactions by local heating [14], or cause various morphological changes by utilising the localised spectral absorption of pre-existing particles [4,15].…”

Synthesis of TiO2nanoparticles induced by electron beam irradiation and their electrochemical performance as anode materials for Li-ion batteries

“…It is reported that the E-beam irradiation increased the diffusivity of atoms by several orders of magnitude compared to that in the therm a l t r e a t m e nt s t e p du r i ng s y nt h e s i s . T he precipitation of nanoparticles occurs not only at distinctly lower temperatures, but also at considerably higher rates in the irradiation process [10,12]. This demonstrates that the E-beam irradiation can lead to a fast grain growth of the primary TiO 2 nanoparticles, resulting in a bigger smallest particle size.…”

“…However, most TiO 2 nanoparticles synthesized by the hydrolysis reaction exhibit a wide particle size distribution which is often inhomogeneous with respect to the location inside the electrode and leads to nonuniform electrochemical performance [7]. Herein, we introduce a new synthesis method to prepare the TiO 2 nanoparticles of a narrow particle size distribution as well as a homogeneous dispersion throughout the electrode, which can be achieved by electron beam (Ebeam) irradiation during the synthesis process [10][11][12]. The E-beam irradiation has been used to induce graft polymerization or cross-linking of various separators for Li-ion-batteries to enhance electrochemical performances because the high density of the E-beam can create a large amount of radicals over entire polymer samples [13][14][15].…”

Conductivity Studies in Proton Irradiated AgI-Ag2O-V2O5-TeO2 Super-Ionic Glass System

“…Ion irradiation enables redistribution of pre-formed particles and mixing of insulator-metal layer compounds to get particulate composites [6][7][8]. Ionizing radiation like X-ray or electron beams causes reduction of metal ions contained in glass [9,10]. Ion irradiation causes liberation of electrons, holes or displacement of lattice atoms or change in network structure.…”