“…Also, indole alkaloid marine natural products have attracted lots of attention in the development of new drug leads for the control of cancer, parasitic, and neurological diseases. Among various methods for the preparation of indoles, Fischer indole method has been one of the most powerful approaches [7][8][9][10][11] and a wide spectrum of methodologies based on the efficient catalysts including Brønsted acids (H 2 SO 4 , HCl, PPA, AcOH, and TsOH), Lewis acids (ZnCl 2 , TiCl 4 ), solid acids (zeolite and montmorillonite clay), [12][13][14][15][16][17] heteropolyacids, [18] ionic liquids, [19,20] and ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) [21] have been reported. Among various methods for the preparation of indoles, Fischer indole method has been one of the most powerful approaches [7][8][9][10][11] and a wide spectrum of methodologies based on the efficient catalysts including Brønsted acids (H 2 SO 4 , HCl, PPA, AcOH, and TsOH), Lewis acids (ZnCl 2 , TiCl 4 ), solid acids (zeolite and montmorillonite clay), [12][13][14][15][16][17] heteropolyacids, [18] ionic liquids, [19,20] and ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) [21] have been reported.…”