Synthesis of nickel–rubber nanocomposites and evaluation of their dielectric properties

Abstract

a b s t r a c tNanocomposites based on natural rubber and nano-sized nickel were synthesized by incorporating nickel nanoparticles in a natural rubber matrix for various loadings of the filler. Structural, morphological, magnetic and mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated along with a detailed study of dielectric properties. It was found that nickel particles were uniformly distributed in the matrix without agglomeration resulting in a magnetic nanocomposite. The elastic properties showed an improvement with increase in filler content but breaking stress and breaking strain were found to decrease. Dielectric permittivity was found to decrease with increase in frequency, and found to increase with increase in nickel loading. The decrease in permittivity with temperature is attributed to the high volume expansivity of rubber at elevated temperatures. Dielectric loss of blank rubber as well as the composites was found to increase with temperature.

Green Natural Rubber Composites Reinforced with Black/White Rice Husk Ashes: Effects of Reinforcing Agent on Film’s Mechanical and Dielectric Properties

“…At low frequency, dielectric loss was high, because of interfacial polarization enhanced by the difference between the conductivity of various phases [53]. This result agrees with the previous work by Jamal et al [57], in which the dielectric loss of nickel-rubber nanocomposites was high at frequency lower than 105 Hz, due to relaxation time of pure rubber enhanced when nickel nanoparticles were incorporated into the matrix. Moreover, the results indicate dielectric loss factor of NR-WC composites was lower than that of other composites at all WRHA loadings (~0.7-2.1 at frequency 103 Hz).…”

“…Correlations between crystal structure and dielectric properties of metal oxides were reported [55]. Metal and carbon-based filler could be acting as charge centers and increasing segmental mobility in the polymer matrix, which would enhance the dielectric constant of composites [56,57]. Oxides are suggested as promising materials in high dielectric materials, as they possess both high dielectric constants and large band gaps [55].…”

Epoxidized natural rubber composites containing K0.15Cr0.02Ni0.83O nanoparticles: Curing characteristics, dynamic mechanical, mechanical, morphological, and dielectric properties

“…The advantages of these materials are their low cost, mechanical flexibility, good processability, high polymer breakdown strength, and high dielectric properties due to the inorganic filler. 14–16 Additionally, many researchers found that nano-ceramic fillers such as nickel, 17 iron, 2 ZnO, 18 TiO 2 , 19 BaTiO 3 , 20 Al 2 O 3 , 21 BCT-BZT, 22 and LCNO 23 enhance the dielectric properties of composites. In our previous work, at its optimal content, lithium chromium nickel oxide (LCNO) nanoparticles used as a filler improved the dielectric properties of LCNO/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).…”

Positron Annihilation Study on Nickel and Iron Nano-Particles in Natural Rubber Composites

“…Magnetic fillers as well could be incorporated into rubber matrices to convey magnetic property to the host and such fillers can be metal particles or magnetic oxides like ferrites (Zhang et al, 2006). Ferromagnetic iron, nickel or cobalt particles are chosen as metallic magnetic filler materials (Jamal et al, 2009). Each material has exclusive properties that make it more appropriate for the selected applications such as magnetic strength, resistance to demagnetization, physical strength and flexibility (Khor et al, 2009).…”