Synthesis of Polyvinyl Alcohol-Chitosan Hydrogel and Study of Its Swelling and Antibacterial Properties

Abstract

The aim of this research was to synthesize a hydrogel for wound dressing by mixing of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan (CTS) and processed by combination technique of freezing-thawing and irradiation by gamma ray, and to study of its properties. PVA aqueous solution 10% (w/v) was mixed with 2% (w/v) chitosan (CTS) solution and homogenized. The PVA-CTS mixture was processed by freezing-thawing up to 3 cycles, and then irradiated by gamma rays at the dose ranged of 20-50 kGy (dose rate was 10 kGy/hour). Result showed that PVA-CTS hydrogel with the gel fraction of 83%, 87%, 90%, and 83% were obtained at the irradiation dose of 20 kGy, 30 kGy, 40 kGy, and 50 kGy, respectively. Increasing of irradiation dose caused increasing of water absorption of hydrogel, i.e. 1.700 %, 1.715 %, 1.913 %, and 2.036 %, respectively, and the hydrogel reached the equilibrium in 25 hours. The hydrogel showed very slow water evaporation rate (~ 2%) at the initial time (1 hour) and then increased very fast (up ~50 %) at 24 h, i.e. 43%, 39.13%, 44%, and 53%, respectively. The elongation at break of hydrogels were obtained 245%, 322%, 322%, and 205% with the maximum value were obtained at irradiation dose ranged of 30-40 kGy. The presence of chitosan in the PVA hydrogel made it having higher antibacterial properties with the inhibition zone value of 8 mm at irradiation dose of 30-40 kGy compared to PVA hydrogel as a negative control (6 mm) and to chloramphenicol as a positive control (8 mm).Keywords: hydrogel, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Chitosan (CTS), freezing-thawing, gamma irradiation ABSTRAK Tuj uan dari penelitian ini adalah mensintesis hidrogel untuk pembalut luka dengan mencampurkan polivinil alkohol (PVA) dan kitosan (CTS) dan diproses dengan kombinasi teknik beku-leleh dan irradiasi sinar gamma, serta mempelajari sifat-sifatnya. Larutan PVA 10% (b/v) dicampur dengan 2% (b/v) larutan kitosan (CTS) dan dihomogenkan. Campuran PVA-CTS diproses dengan beku-leleh hingga 3 siklus, dan kemudian diirradiasi dengan sinar gamma pada kisaran dosis 20-50 kGy (laju dosis adalah 10 kGy/jam). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hidrogel PVA-CTS dengan fraksi gel 83%, 87%, 90%, dan 83% didapatkan pada dosis irradiasi masingmasing 20 kGy, 30 kGy, 40 kGy, and 50 kGy. Meningkatnya dosis irradiasi mengakibatkan meningkatnya absorpsi air oleh hidrogel, yaitu masing-masing 1.700 %, 1.715 %, 1.913 %, dan 2.036 %, dan hidrogel mencapai kondisi keseimbangan dalam 25 jam. Hidrogel menunjukkan laju penguapan air sangat lambat (~ 2%) pada awal waktu (1 jam) dan selanjutnya meningkat dengan sangat cepat (hingga ~50 %) pada 24 jam, yaitu masing-masing 43%, 39.13%, 44%, dan 53%. Nilai perpanjangan putus dari hidrogel didapatkan 245%, 322%, 322%, dan 205% dengan nilai maksimum didapatkan pada dosis irradiasi berkisar 30-40 kGy. Adanya kitosan dalam hidrogel PVA menjadikannya memiliki sifat antibakteri lebih tinggi dengan nilai zona inhibisi 8 mm pada dosis irradiasi 30-40 kGy dibandingkan dengan hidrogel PVA sebagai kontrol negatif (6 mm) dan dengan klora...

Manufacturing and evaluation of Chitosan, PVA and Aloe Vera hydrogels for skin applications

“…Cross-linked hydrogels ( Fig. 6b and 6c) show greater absorption capacity when the PVA is at higher concentrations, indicating a suitable cross-linking among molecules, in agreement with Wikanta [16]. Fig.…”

“…After 24 hours, all samples showed no bacterial growth inhibitory halo, or bacteriostatic, both for S. Aureus and E. Coli, according to that reported by Wikanta [16], also pattern culture medium solution Aloe Vera showed a slight bacterial growth could be due to environmental pollution, despite all the media were sterilized and previously worked in older aseptically. Those results differ from findings reported by Leon [12], in which other zones of inhibition of bacterial growth of S. Aureus in PVA/CH hydrogels with Dragon's blood solution were presented, and these films only exhibited activity against S. Aureus, while in this study no bacteriostatic or bactericidal activity was not presented to E. Coli.…”

“…In addition, the structure obtained in these hydrogels enables cell growth, thanks to its porosity, as is described by De la Torre [4] and Sanchez [15]. When crosslink of PVA/CH increases; the porosity of hydrogel and the water diffusion into hydrogel also increases in agreement with Wikanta [16].…”

Characteristics of Irradiated Hydrogel Formulated from Composite i/k-carrageenan Combined with Polyvinyl Alcohol

“…Kokabi, Sirousazar and Hassan (2007) reported that the gel fraction of PVA-clay nanocomposite was 79.4-85.0%. Wikanta, Erizal, Tjahyono, and Sugiyono (2013) also reported that the gel fraction of PVA-chitosan hydrogel was 80-85%. This gel fraction is higher compared with our result.…”

Pengaruh Kitosan Terhadap Karakterisasi Hidrogel Film PVA Untuk Aplikasi Pembalut Luka

“…Sedangkan material yang tidak terlarut yang didapatkan lalu dikeringkan, dioven pada suhu 50⁰C selama 24 jam. Fraksi gel ditentukan dari rasio berat antara gel kering yang tidak terlarut dan berat awal hydrogel [7]. Fraksi gel : (Wc/Wo) x 100%.…”