Synthesis of potassium glyceroxide catalyst for sustainable green fuel (biodiesel) production

Pradhan, Subhalaxmi; Shen, Jianheng; Emami, Shahram; Mohanty, Pravakar; Naik, S. N.; Dalai, Ajay K.; Reaney, Martin J. T.

doi:10.1016/j.jiec.2016.10.038

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…These data have been acquired regarding the basic substance concentration in the product. If we compare our results with those reported by other authors, in particular, with paper [7] that established that the molar ratio of glycerin to potassium hydroxide of 2:1 was rational, then one should note the effect of this indicator on the loss of free water mass during catalyst synthesis was studied. The determined rational temperature was 130 °C.…”

Section: Investigating the Dependence Of Potassium Glycerate Concentration In The Resulting Product On The Conditions Of Product Manufactsupporting

confidence: 67%

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Establishing rational conditions for obtaining potassium glycerate

Sytnik¹,

Kunitsіa

Mazaeva³

et al. 2021

EEJET

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This paper reports a study into the dependence of efficient glycerate potassium production involving glycerin and potassium hydroxide solution on the process conditions. The concentration of potassium glycerate in the resulting product has been used as a parameter of the efficient glycerate potassium production process. Glycerates of metals are applied to produce articles in the construction industry, electronics, medicine; they are employed as transesterification catalysts to obtain special fats for various purposes, as well as biodiesel fuel. In order to derive potassium glycerate, heating was applied while agitating a mixture of glycerin and potassium hydroxide. The analysis of potassium hydroxide was performed, in which the basic substance mass fraction was 85.5 %, the mass fraction of carbonate potassium – 0.9 %. The p.a.-grade glycerin was applied in this work, whose basic substance mass fraction was 99.5 %. The effect of the heating temperature of the reaction mixture on the concentration of potassium glycerate in the product has been determined. It has been shown that the rational heating temperature is 145 °C. The dependence of potassium glycerate concentration in the resulting product on the following conditions of the process has been established: a change in the molar concentration of glycerin and a reaction mixture heating duration. Such rational conditions for obtaining potassium glycerate have been defined as a molar concentration of glycerin of 60 % and a heating duration of 4 hours. The experimentally established concentration of potassium glycerate in the product under these conditions was 75.77 %. For potassium glycerate, the melting point (69 °C) and the mass fraction of moisture (0.8 %) have been determined. The results of experimental studies would make it possible to obtain potassium glycerate directly at enterprises where the glycerates of metals are used, from available raw materials, under rational conditions. The defined conditions for obtaining potassium glycerate could make it possible to efficiently utilize material and energy resources.

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Section: Investigating the Dependence Of Potassium Glycerate Concentration In The Resulting Product On The Conditions Of Product Manufactsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Paper [7] reports the results of studying the production of potassium glycerate to use it as a catalyst in the production of biodiesel fuel. It was established that rational conditions are the molar ratio of potassium hydroxide to glycerin of 2:1, a temperature of 130 °C.…”

Section: Literature Review and Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing rational conditions for obtaining potassium glycerate

Sytnik¹,

Kunitsіa

Mazaeva³

et al. 2021

EEJET

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“…The oil produced is very rich with unsaturated fatty acids. 11 Using 1 kg of polanga seeds, the oil yield is recorded about 27%-35% usually. Many research works are accessible on the production of biodiesel and its utilization in a diesel engine to explore the performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), and transesterification. 11,12 Biodiesels are produced from many non-edible vegetable oils. Polanga is additionally one of these available alternatives for the production of biodiesel fuel which belongs to the family of Leguminaceae .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Taguchi and response surface methodology approach to a sustainable model developed for a compression-ignition engine using polanga biodiesel/diesel blends

Sharma¹,

Singh

Tyagi³

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I:

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The exhaustive and irresponsible use of fossil fuels has created numerous public and environmental health issues in the past few decades. To address this issue, this work has investigated the use of polanga ( Calophyllum inophyllum) biodiesel/diesel blends in a diesel engine. This study focuses primarily on the optimization of performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled with polanga-based biodiesel blends. The engine input factors were also investigated for desired optimal thermal performance. In this study, four input parameters, namely, engine loads, blends of polanga-based biodiesel, fuel injection pressure, and fuel injection timing were chosen for analysis. The corresponding engine output responses, namely, brake thermal efficiency, CO, NOx, and smoke emissions, are selected for their optimization by Taguchi method and response surface methodology. The results show that the best setting of above-mentioned input factors is reported at 44% engine load, 13% mixing of polanga biodiesel with diesel, 180 bar injection pressure of fuel, and 21.5 °bTDC injection timing of fuel. The comparison between results obtained by the optimization process and experimental results showed that the deviations were always found to be within the acceptable range of errors.

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“…Several authors employed calcium diglycerolate for transesterification reactions, among them Lukic et al 2016, who also presented a review about the use of this solid (as well as calcium monoglycerolate) as catalyst towards these reactions. Other works reported the use of different metal glycerolates as catalysts for biodiesel production, such as glycerolates of potassium (Pradhan et al, 2017), lithium (Wang et al, 2015), manganese, iron, cobalt (Lau et al, 2016), calcium, strontium, barium (Lisboa et al, 2014) and zinc (Lau et al, 2016;Lisboa et al, 2014;Reinoso et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Assessment of the Processing of High-Acidity Fatty Materials Using Solid Catalysts for the Obtainment of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters

Kanda

Hamerski

Corazza

2019

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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This work presents the processing of a high-acidity oil through sequential reactions of esterification using montmorillonite K10 and transesterification using zinc monoglycerolate. Since these solids had not been employed along with this approach beforehand, the objective of this work is to provide a general insight of the proposed process and demonstrate its technical feasibility. In this sense, the processing of a synthetic mixture containing soybean oil and lauric acid provided a reduction of the free fatty acid content from (40.8±0.1) % to (3.1±0.4) % after the esterification reaction and a fatty acid methyl ester yield of (95.4±0.2) % was obtained after the transesterification reaction. As compared to traditional homogeneous catalysts, the solid catalysts employed in this work require higher reaction times to achieve satisfactory ester yields but, on the other hand, they are less sensitive to the presence of both water and free fatty acids in the raw materials and can be easily recovered and reused. Therefore, the results accomplished may help the development of a technology for processing high-acidity fatty materials in order to obtain biodiesel, although its economic feasibility still needs a further assessment.

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Synthesis of potassium glyceroxide catalyst for sustainable green fuel (biodiesel) production

Cited by 22 publications

References 16 publications

Establishing rational conditions for obtaining potassium glycerate

Establishing rational conditions for obtaining potassium glycerate

Application of Taguchi and response surface methodology approach to a sustainable model developed for a compression-ignition engine using polanga biodiesel/diesel blends

Preliminary Assessment of the Processing of High-Acidity Fatty Materials Using Solid Catalysts for the Obtainment of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters

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