Synthesis of Silicon Nanoparticles and Nanowires by a Nontransferred Arc Plasma System

Abstract

Silicon nanomaterials were synthesized from solid silicon powder in microsize using a nontransferred arc plasma system. Synthesized silicon nanomaterials were sphere or wire in morphology according to the input power of arc plasma, the flow rate of plasma forming gas, and the collecting position of product. The product was spherical nanoparticles at a high input power for complete evaporation, while it was nanowires at a relatively low input power. The mean diameter of synthesized silicon nanoparticles was increased from 20.52 nm to 40.01 nm by increasing the input power from 9 kW to 13 kW. On the other hand, the diameter of silicon nanowires was controllable by changing the flow rate of plasma forming gas. The mean diameter of silicon nanowires was increased from 16.69 nm to 23.03 nm by decreasing the plasma forming gas flow rate from 15 L/min to 12 L/min.

Recent developments in the synthesis of chemically modified nanomaterials for use in dielectric and electronics applications

“…Silica nanomaterials have been synthesized by various methods such as microemulsion, chemical vapor deposition, combustion, hydrothermal, plasma, and sol-gel techniques [48][49][50][51][52][53]. Among the various methods, sol-gel method is the most widely used method for the synthesis of SiO 2 nanoparticles and is based on simultaneous hydrolysis and condensation of the silicon alkoxides (scheme 1).…”

Consideration of the possibility of large-scale plasma-chemical production of nanosilicon for lithium-ion batteries

“…To date, many computational and experimental studies have been performed on the influence of various factors and parameters in the working zone of a reactor on the processes of formation, growth, and size distribution of silicon nanoparticles under thermal plasma conditions [18][19][20]. ISSN 2664-9969…”

“…The formation of a layer of sintered material will eventually lead to overlapping of the reactor cross section and a complete disruption of the technological regime of the process [16,17]. To obtain the final product of plasma synthesis in the form of a nanopowder, in which nanoparticles retain the properties determined by the conditions of their formation in a gas flow, it is necessary to exclude or minimize the possibility of physical and chemical transformations in the layer of deposited particles [18,19]. This can be provided if the temperature in the layer is below a certain threshold value, above which chemical and phase transformations of the nanoparticle material can occur in the layer, as well as their growth.…”