Synthesis of stable nanoparticles at harsh environment using the synergistic effect of surfactants blend

J of Applied Polymer Sci

Haruna

Gardy

et al. 2018

Self Cite

This work aims to improve the rheological properties and stability of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/acrylamide (AA) base skeleton polymer blends at harsh environment of high salinity‐high temperature (HS‐HT) or various pH. Different co/terpolymers have been accomplished to modify the structure of AA polymer by free‐radical copolymerization of AA‐based monomers. Anionic, cationic, and hydrophobic functional groups were used for the synthesis of polyelectrolyte, polyampholytic, and partially hydrophobic AA polymer types. The conversion, molecular weight, and poly dispersity of co/terpolymers have been evaluated by nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR), gel permeation chromatography, and differential scanning calorimetry analysis. The effects of sonication power, concentration of polymer, and concentration of MWCNTs were also investigated on rheological behavior of co/terpolymers. The results show that negative polyelectrolyte and polyampholytic polymers are the best candidates for the improvement of MWCNTs/polymer stability and viscosity at HS‐HT and alkali environment, respectively. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47205.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved rheological properties and stability of multiwalled carbon nanotubes/polymer in harsh environment

J of Applied Polymer Sci

Haruna

Gardy

et al. 2018

Self Cite

“…Surfactant slugs could decrease the interfacial tension (IFT) between oil and aqueous phases which results in reducing the fluid capillary force in pore-scale, mobilizing more residual crude oil in pore structures. Furthermore, surfactants help to maintain NPs integrity in harsh subsurface conditions of reservoirs (Nourafkan et al 2018a(Nourafkan et al , b, 2019. Employing the synergistic effect between NPs and surfactant is a promising idea for the improvement of chemical flooding efficiency (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterials for subsurface application: study of particles retention in porous media

Garum

et al. 2021

Appl Nanosci

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The ability to transport nanoparticles through porous media has interesting engineering applications, notably in reservoir capacity exploration and soil remediation. A series of core-flooding experiments were conducted for quantitative analysis of functionalized TiO2 nanoparticles transport through various porous media including calcite, dolomite, silica, and limestone rocks. The adsorption of surfactants on the rock surface and nanoparticle retention in pore walls were evaluated by chemical oxygen demand (COD) and UV–Vis spectroscopy. By applying TiO2 nanoparticles, 49.3 and 68.0 wt.% of surfactant adsorption reduction were observed in pore walls of dolomite and silica rock, respectively. Not surprisingly, the value of nanoparticle deposition for dolomite and silica rocks was near zero, implying that surfactant adsorption is proportional to nanoparticle deposition. On the other hand, surfactant adsorption was increased for other types of rock in presence of nanoparticles. 5.5, 13.5, and 22.4 wt.% of nanoparticle deposition was estimated for calcite, black and red limestone, respectively. By making a connection between physicochemical rock properties and nanoparticle deposition rates, we concluded that the surface roughness of rock has a significant influence on mechanical trapping and deposition of nanoparticles in pore-throats.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Very recently, the application of nanoparticles for EOR has emerged as an alternative technique to improve oil recovery efficiency. Both the properties of injected fluids (i.e., interfacial tension, viscosity, and thermal conductivity) and the fluid–rock interaction properties (i.e., adsorption and wettability alteration) can be engineered by using different nanoparticles. − Many of these studies have shown that inclusion of certain nanoparticles in a flooding fluid could increase the oil recovery rate. − Not surprisingly, these studies have been primarily focused on dispersing nanoparticles in a flooding fluid (i.e., brine), and the investigation of nanoparticle performance in a polymer solution is rarely conducted. The combination of nanoparticles and polymers could produce synergistic effects, leading to better oil recovery, especially in harsh environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Polymer Flooding in Harsh Environments by Free-Radical Polymerization and the Use of Nanomaterials

Haruna

et al. 2019

Energy Fuels

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High temperature and high salinity (HTHS), and extreme pH conditions can significantly affect the stability of polymers and deteriorate the performance of polymer in enhancing oil recovery (EOR). This work advances polymer flooding in harsh environment on two fronts: engineering polymers with improved temperature tolerance, and dispersing suitable nanoparticles in the synthesised polymers to further improve their capabilities in withstanding temperature, salinity, and different pH conditions. Different modified acrylamide copolymers (polymer synthesized from two different monomers) and ter-polymers (polymer synthesized from three different monomers) are produced via free-radical polymerization and multi wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were introduced to obtain aqueous polymer dispersions with unique properties.The conversion, molecular weight and poly dispersity of co/ter-polymers were evaluated by 1 H-NMR, and GPC analysis. The interfacial, rheological behaviour and stability of the dispersions was investigated under HTHS conditions at various pH values to identify the suitable candidates for EOR applications. The oil recovery performance is examined in a core flooding set-up under 85 o C and American Petroleum Institute (API) brine conditions. The polyampholytic ter-polymer and polyelectrolyte copolymer containing negative sulfonate group showed improved viscosity and stability in the presence of MWCNTs in an alkaline and salinity conditions respectively. Comparing to pure polymer dispersions, the addition of MWCNTs to polymer improves oil recovery efficiency at high temperature (85 °C) in the presence of both alkaline pH and API brine conditions, yet with lower pressure drop. This, shows great promise for future EOR applications.