Synthesis of Tantalum Carbide Using Purified Hexane by Titanium Powder

Abstract

Hexane is a safe, efficient, and cost-effective alternative to other commercial hydrocarbons for gaseous carburization; however, commercial hexane is not sufficiently pure. Titanium powder can remove oxygen-containing impurities from commercial hexane; however, research on the use of titanium powder remains limited. We investigated the purification of hexane using titanium, copper, and aluminum powders and used the purified hexane for the gaseous carburization of tantalum. Ti exhibited lower activation energy for oxidation (1.55 kJ/mol) than Cu (91.09 kJ/mol) and Al (150.25 kJ/mol) and a significantly higher oxidation rate (0.0269 g/h) in hexane at room temperature than Cu (0.0018 g/h) and Al (0.0001 g/h). The carbon content in tantalum carburized using the purified hexane was comparable to that carburized using unpurified hexane (approximately 6.22%); however, its oxygen content was significantly lower (1.39%), which indicates that the produced tantalum carbide has a higher purity. X-ray diffraction results revealed that the oxidation products of tantalum, such as Ta2O, TaO2, Ta0.8O2, and Ta2O5, were absent in the sample carburized using the purified hexane. Therefore, Ti powder can effectively remove oxygen-containing impurities from commercial hexane and facilitate its use as an effective carburizing medium for the synthesis of high-purity tantalum carbide.

Comparison of the Magnesiothermic Reduction Behavior of Nb2O5 and Ti2Nb10O29

“…Furthermore, from this value, the reduction rate values, k and ln k, could be calculated, and the obtained results are summarized in Table 1. The activation energy for Mg reduction was determined from the plot of ln k and the reciprocal of the reduction temperature, 1/T (Figure 11) [14,[24][25][26]. As shown in Figure 11 The ~50% lower activation energy for Nb-Ti alloy production indicates that the reduction reaction is faster and more effective when a mixed oxide is used.…”

Radiopaque and Biocompatible PMMA Bone Cement Triggered by Nano Tantalum Carbide and Its Osteogenic Performance

“…The nanoparticle powder of TaC can be facilely obtained via several methods with high stability. 32 There are a few papers reported that TaC is compatible with human tissues and body fluids and does not cause a significant immune response. 29,30,33,34 Compared with traditional additives such as BaSO 4 and ZrO 2 , Ta has higher atomic number and higher electron density, producing more photoelectric effect and Compton scattering when interacting with rays, and can effectively absorb and scatter radiation, which helps to improve the barrier ability of radiation, thus enhancing the radiopaque property of bone cement.…”