Synthesis of TiC and (Ti, W)C in solvent metals

Cliche, G.; Dallaire, S.

doi:10.1016/0921-5093(91)90834-a

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…[9] Generally, the TiC-and TiB 2 -Fe composites have been produced by various processing routes such as powder metallurgy (P/M), [2,14] combustion synthesis, also called self± propagating high±temperature synthesis (SHS), [11,15] conventional melting and casting technologies, i.e. in situ reactions between Ti powder and C±rich liquid Fe, [16] C powder and liquid Ti±Fe alloys [17] or C±Fe and Ti±Fe liquid alloys, [18] direct dispersion of TiC powder, [19,20] TiC±Fe [21] or TiB 2 ±Fe [9,10] master alloys in liquid steel, and carbothermic reduction processes. [6,7,22] The P/M is usually energy and capital intensive and prove difficult to scale up for large components.…”

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confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Steel Matrix Composite Locally Reinforced with in Situ TiB₂ Particulate using Self–Propagating High–Temperature Synthesis Reaction of Ni–Ti–B System During Casting

Wang

Jiang²,

et al. 2005

Adv Eng Mater

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plasma plume. To achieve a columnar porous structure as well as a high growth rate of the thicker pc-ZrO 2 layer, a pulsed 1 kW laser was applied. The irradiation parameters (pulse duration 1 ms, power density 10 5 W/cm 2 ) were chosen such that conventional thermal evaporation without plasma formation occurred. The targets for the ZrO 2 deposition were pressed and sintered from amperite powder (Y 2 O 3 : 7.79 wt%, HfO 2 : 1.84 wt%, SiO 2 : 0.20 wt%, ZrO 2 : remaining).Investigation of Boundary Layer Reactions: By means of PLD with a relatively high pulse energy of 800 mJ and stronger focusing, the generation of otherwise undesired droplets of the target material is forced. Since the directional characteristic of the droplets differs from that of the plasma plume, the substrate can be arranged in such a way that predominantly droplets are deposited. Due to the high kinetic energy of the droplets, they are flattened on impact before they solidify. The resulting Al and Ti hillocks are typically 2 to 20 lm in diameter and 0.5 to 5 lm high. (Fig. 2) After droplet deposition, the Al/Cu and Ti/Cu samples were tempered (773 / 823 K, 100 / 300 min, atmosphere Ar 4.8, 10 5 Pa). The resulting composition changes were examined by EDX in the SEM and also by AES depth analysis. The preparation of cross-sections of deposited droplets by ion milling with 7 keV Kr ions proved to be particularly useful (Fig. 3). At such cross sections, the chemical composition in the vicinity of the interface was measured by EDX.Investigation of Roughness effects: Roughness values R a of the copper substrate between 0.03 and 1.1 lm were prepared using appropriate grinding agents (abrasive paper, grit size P80 to P2500). The roughness was determined by a mechanical profiler (MAHR Perthometer S8P) and averaging over typically three samples polished in the same manner.Bending bars with the dimensions 30 4.5 3 mm 3 were coated onto one face with an area of 30 4.5 mm 2 . These samples were then deformed by means of four-point bending where the coated surface was chosen as side face of the bending bar (cf. Fig. 4). Due to the bending deformation of the substrate, the coating is simultaneously subjected to a tensile load (Fig. 4, upper side) and a compressive load (lower side). To characterise the coating adherence quantitatively, the maximum substrate strains on the upper and lower sides of the bending bars were used. In particular, the critical spallation strains were determined where in the course of bending first spallings were visible to the naked eye under tensile and compressive load, respectively.Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are a class of materials that seek to combine the high strength and stiffness of a ceramic with the damage tolerance and toughness provided by a metal matrix. [1,2] Although most of the studies on MMCs are centered on the lightweight engineering materials titanium, aluminum and magnesium due to their attractive combination of improved mechanical properties and weight-saving potential, [3±5] there is also significant inter...

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Fabrication of Steel Matrix Composite Locally Reinforced with in Situ TiB₂ Particulate using Self–Propagating High–Temperature Synthesis Reaction of Ni–Ti–B System During Casting

Wang

Jiang²,

et al. 2005

Adv Eng Mater

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“…Because carbides with Ti enrichment are formed through dissolution of Ti and C atoms to Cr-Ni metallic liquid in reactive molten bath, synthesis process of the carbides is different from self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of the carbides and is similar to the direct synthesis of TiC or (Ti,W)C in liquid nickel or iron in an electric arc furnace. According to the literature concerned [4,5], it is considered that substoichiometric microcrystals of the carbides are firstly formed, subsequently are remelted and dissolved in solvent metallic liquid, and finally the solids stoichiometric TiC x are separated from the melts, so the morphologies of carbides embedded in the intermediate are diverse from each others due to differences of Ti, C concentration in the melts among samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joining between Ceramics and Metal in Composite Pipes Fabricated by the SHS Metallurgical Process

Zhao¹,

Zhang²,

Wang

et al. 2007

KEM

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The design on joining of metal and ceramics in composite pipes fabricated by the SHS metallurgical process is carried on with adding (TiO2 +Al+C+Ni) subsystem in(CrO3+Al) system, and the composite pipes with three-layer structure of steel substrate, intermediate alloy and lined ceramics are fabricated with low cost and high performance. Combustion determination and mechanical test indicate that adding suitable amount of Ni powder in combustion system rather than (NiO+Al) subsystem can cause combustion behavior of a whole system and volume fraction of the carbides to be controlled easily, and is beneficial to improve joining of the intermediate alloy and steel substrate, causing compression strength and compression shear strength of the composite pipes to be increased greatly.

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“…目前, 碳化钛粉体的工业生产方法主要是用炭黑或石油焦在保护气氛下, 在管式炉或电阻炉中 1600~2100℃的高温环境下经 10~24 h 还原二氧化钛来制备。该法的优势在于原料成本较低, 工艺简单、生产效率高, 但温度较高、时间较长、易出现大块团聚、颗粒形状不均匀等。经过不断优化, 形成了改进的碳热还原法 [13][14][15] 。此外, 碳化钛微粉的合成方法还有自蔓延高温合成法(SHS) [16] 、直接碳化法 [17] 、化学气相沉积法(CVD) [18] 、溶胶-凝胶法 [19] 、镁热还原法 [20] 、熔融金属浴合成法 [21] 、机械力化学合成法 [22] 、热等离子合成法 [23] 和微波合成法 [24] 等, 这些合成方法都有各自的特点。文献 [24][25][26][27] [27] , 而微波化学反应较固相扩散传质快, 且由于 C 原子扩散需要通过两相界面使 TiO 2 不断脱氧之后碳化并长大 [28] , 故反应是受扩散控制的 TiC 晶体生长过程。 Avrami 方程被应用于研究受扩散控制的固态相变、晶体生长和强度时效 [29][30][31][32] [33][34] , 且炭黑与 TiO 2 直接接触不需要扩散传质, 所以可发生一定物质量的反应; 随着反应的进行, TiO 2-x 会不断向 TiC 1-y 转变 [35] , 反应层越来越厚, 造成传质距离变大, 反应物需以扩散方式通过生成物层 [28]…”

Section: 工、表面工程、粉末冶金和电子工业等多个领域。unclassified

Preparation of TiC Nano-particles and Transformation of TiO₂ via Microwave Carbothermic Reduction Route

Yuan¹,

Lu²,

Chen³

et al. 2017

Journal of Inorganic Materials

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SEM 进行表征, 研究了 TiO 2 粒径、反应温度、保温时间对微波碳热合成纳米 TiC 物相、显微形貌和 TiO 2 自身转化率的影响。实验结果表明, 微波碳热还原合成纳米 TiC 经 1300℃保温 40 min 和 1400℃保温 30 min 可使 TiO 2 充分反应, 且粒径为 40 nm 的 TiO 2 的转化率可达到 98.2%, 合成的 TiC 粒度分布均匀, 平均粒径约小于 100 nm。此外, 根据固相扩散机制对不同反应温度下两种粒径 TiO 2 转化率随时间的变化进行了 Avrami 方程拟合, 并绘制了两

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Synthesis of TiC and (Ti, W)C in solvent metals

Cited by 12 publications

References 19 publications

Fabrication of Steel Matrix Composite Locally Reinforced with in Situ TiB₂ Particulate using Self–Propagating High–Temperature Synthesis Reaction of Ni–Ti–B System During Casting

Fabrication of Steel Matrix Composite Locally Reinforced with in Situ TiB₂ Particulate using Self–Propagating High–Temperature Synthesis Reaction of Ni–Ti–B System During Casting

Joining between Ceramics and Metal in Composite Pipes Fabricated by the SHS Metallurgical Process

Preparation of TiC Nano-particles and Transformation of TiO₂ via Microwave Carbothermic Reduction Route

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Synthesis of TiC and (Ti, W)C in solvent metals

Cited by 12 publications

References 19 publications

Fabrication of Steel Matrix Composite Locally Reinforced with in Situ TiB2 Particulate using Self–Propagating High–Temperature Synthesis Reaction of Ni–Ti–B System During Casting

Fabrication of Steel Matrix Composite Locally Reinforced with in Situ TiB2 Particulate using Self–Propagating High–Temperature Synthesis Reaction of Ni–Ti–B System During Casting

Joining between Ceramics and Metal in Composite Pipes Fabricated by the SHS Metallurgical Process

Preparation of TiC Nano-particles and Transformation of TiO2 via Microwave Carbothermic Reduction Route

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Fabrication of Steel Matrix Composite Locally Reinforced with in Situ TiB₂ Particulate using Self–Propagating High–Temperature Synthesis Reaction of Ni–Ti–B System During Casting

Fabrication of Steel Matrix Composite Locally Reinforced with in Situ TiB₂ Particulate using Self–Propagating High–Temperature Synthesis Reaction of Ni–Ti–B System During Casting

Preparation of TiC Nano-particles and Transformation of TiO₂ via Microwave Carbothermic Reduction Route