Synthesis of uniform and size-controllable carbon nanospheres by a simple hydrothermal method and fabrication of carbon nanosphere super-hydrophobic surface

Hydrothermal synthesis of carbon microspheres from sucrose with citric acid as a catalyst: physicochemical and structural properties

“…Figure 4(b) indicates the degradation behaviours of Su-CA-0, Su-CA-2, and Su-CA-5. All samples showed a single-step degradation between 300°C and 550°C, revealing the characteristic of pure carbonaceous compound [33]. A small weight loss of around 5% at the beginning of the curve (30-60°C) is probably due to the samples' moisture loss.…”

“…The CMSs prepared via hydrothermal carbonization of sucrose were expected to show plenty of surface functional groups [33]. For clarification, synthesized CMSs with and without citric acid have been analyzed under FTIR.…”

Facile synthesis of carbon nanospheres from saccharides for photocatalytic applications

“…The autoclave was then allowed to cool down at room temperature naturally. The products were collected by using 10,000-14,000 rpm centrifuge and washed several times with DI water [19]. Table 1 gives the sample IDs of different samples prepared to optimize the synthesis parameters (soaking time, concentration of saccharide and saccharide used).…”

“…It has been observed that spherical morphology of CNSs is obtained by the cocentric graphitic/fullerene clusters with the contribution of graphitic and non-graphitic carbon minimizing their surface free energy and forming dangling bonds [15,16,18]. Several routes such as solvothermal, pyrolysis, hydrothermal and chemical vapor deposition etc., are in practice to obtain CNSs for a variety of applications [11,15,[19][20][21][22][23]. Hydrothermal synthesis route provides best low temperature control over homogeneity of the size and morphology for CNSs fabrication by using various starting materials such as: saccharides, natural biomass and carbohydrates [15,19,24,25].…”

“…Several routes such as solvothermal, pyrolysis, hydrothermal and chemical vapor deposition etc., are in practice to obtain CNSs for a variety of applications [11,15,[19][20][21][22][23]. Hydrothermal synthesis route provides best low temperature control over homogeneity of the size and morphology for CNSs fabrication by using various starting materials such as: saccharides, natural biomass and carbohydrates [15,19,24,25]. Most of the work of CNSs for waste water treatment is limited to pollutant removal by adsorption we have not come across any reports which have discussed the photo catalytic performance of the assynthesized CNSs.…”