Synthesis of WO3/TiO2 nanocomposites via sol–gel method

Yang, Huaming; Shi, Rongrong; Zhang, Ke; Hu, Yuehua; Tang, Aidong; Li, Xianwei

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2005.02.002

Cited by 120 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…1 that the diffraction peaks observed at 2h = 10.9°, 27.5°and 33.5°suggest that the Keggin ion structure of PTA was clearly observed even after the exchange of cesium and Sn. The XRD patterns did not show any reflections due to SnO 2 in the samples of Sndoped CsPW [30][31][32]. The absence of SnO 2 peaks is probably due to the active phase which is highly dispersed on CsPW.…”

Section: Xrd Studiesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Synthesis and characterization of Cs-exchanged heteropolyacid catalysts functionalized with Sn for carbonolysis of glycerol to glycerol carbonate

et al. 2015

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Cs exchanged heteropolyacid catalysts functionalized with various Sn contents were prepared by wet impregnation method. These catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy, temperature programmed desorption of ammonia and BET surface area measurements. The catalytic properties of SnCsPW catalysts were evaluated for the synthesis of glycerol carbonate and they exhibit an unprecedented activity for the higher glycerol conversion and selectivity towards glycerol carbonate under vacuum conditions. Sn-functionalized Cs exchanged heteropolyacid catalysts (CsPW) play a significant role in the enhancement of acidity, catalytic activity and stability. The glycerol conversion and the selectivity of carbonate formation mainly depend on the Sn content and acidity of the catalysts. Different reaction parameters such as Sn molar ratio, glycerol to urea molar ratio, reaction temperature were investigated and also optimum conditions were established. The catalyst containing molar ratio of 3:1 Sn-CsPW has shown highest conversion and glycerol carbonate selectivity.

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Section: Xrd Studiesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Synthesis and characterization of Cs-exchanged heteropolyacid catalysts functionalized with Sn for carbonolysis of glycerol to glycerol carbonate

et al. 2015

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“…Table 1, BET surface area (S BET ) of synthesized WO 3 using flame spray pyrolysis has larger surface area than that of the commercial WO 3 . Flame spray pyrolysis method, FSP produces nanopowder of 20-100 nm average particle sizes (APS) with specific surface areas of 30-60 m 2 /g whereas the commercial WO 3 is prepared by sol-gel technique [4]. When doping amount increased, the surface area was also increased.…”

Section: X-ray Diffractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…WO 3 , with a band gap between 2.2 and 2.8 eV [2], is a visible light response catalyst, make it as an alternative choice for the photocatalytic oxidation of organic pollutants under solar irradiation instead of TiO 2 . WO 3 can be synthesized by a variety of techniques such as precipitation [3], sol-gel [4], hydrothermal method [5], etc. However, the one of the disadvantages is that it has high possibility in occurrence of electrons-holes recombination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of doping Fe/Cu/Ti on WO₃ on furfural degradation

2018

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Abstract. This research improved tungsten oxide catalysts to increase efficiency in photocatalytic degradation of furfural under visible light. The aim of this research was to compare the efficiency of modified tungsten oxide with undoped and commercial tungsten oxide. Tungsten oxide nanoparticles were doped with 3 single metals, which were Fe/Cu/Ti at 1%wt, 2%wt, and 3%wt, synthesized by flame spray pyrolysis technique (FSP) and then characterization by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption/desorption (BET surface area analysis), UV-Vis Spectroscopy (UV-Vis). Photocatalytic degradation experiments using doped WO3 were carried out with 5 ppm initial concentration of furfural solution using 0.6 M catalyst concentration under visible light. From the results, FSP-synthesized WO3 has better efficiency in furfural degradation than the commercial WO3. All catalysts have mesoporous structure because an average pore size is in the range of 6-10 nm. Among all synthesized and doped WO3, it can be concluded that 3%wt Fedoped tungsten oxide provides the highest acceleration rate in photocatalytic degradation of furfural.

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“…126 The presence of coatings also adds to the uncertainty about the effectiveness of efforts to reduce unwanted photo activity, and the durability of the coating layer during its life-cycle. 128 Some researchers have characterized silica, zircon and alumina as charge transfer catalysts, 129 which are solids that have the ability to trap reactive electrons (e − ) and electropositive holes (h + ), 130 and their porous structures facilitate the access of reactant molecules to active surface sites. 131 The researchers prepared nano composites of SiO 2 , ZrO 2 and Al 2 O 3 in TiO 2 , [132][133][134][135] which displayed improved photo catalytic activity versus pure TiO 2 .…”

Section: Surface Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity Associated with the Photo Catalytic and Photo Stable Forms of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Used in Sunscreen lotion

Pulvin¹

2015

MOJT

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Abbreviations: IARC, international agency for research on cancer; UV, ultraviolet; QD, quantum dot; ROS, reactive oxygen species; PBS, phosphate buffered saline; CB, conduction band IntroductionThe properties of materials change as their size approaches the nano particle scale, which is generally considered to be that with at least one dimension of 100nm or less. The toxicity of nanoparticles has been linked to such characteristics as elemental composition, charge, shape, Crystallinity, surface area, solubility and surface chemistry/ derivatization. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Understanding the nano particle-cell interaction is thought to be critical for the safe development of nano materials. 7 It seems unlikely that the potential toxicity of nanoparticles and the underlying mechanisms can be predicted or explained by any single unifying concept.This review is focused on Titania (TiO 2 ) for which there is substantial interest in the chemical, biological, and industrial worlds because of its fascinating and useful physicochemical properties. Currently, information describing the relative health and environmental risks associated with nano-TiO 2 is severely lacking. Only recently, critical questions regarding the potential human health and environmental impact of nano-TiO 2 have been raised. [8][9][10][11] TiO 2 particles have long been considered to pose little risk to respiratory health because they are both chemically and thermally stable. 12 However, TiO 2 is classified as a Group 2B carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) based on the findings of lung tumor induction in female rats. 13,14 Nano-TiO 2 is attractive for use in a large number of applications based on its unique optical and photo catalytic properties, tunable band gap, thermal stability, chemical resistance and hardness.15Because of the relatively large band-gap, the particles absorb the higher-energy (shorter wavelength) ultraviolet radiation making it a useful constituent in sunscreen products. TiO 2 photo catalysis is widely used in the fields of wastewater treatment, 16 sterilization, 17 self-cleaning, 18 hydrogen evolution, 19 and photoelectron chemical conversion. 20 Normally, TiO 2 can only be excited with ultraviolet (UV) light because of its wide band gap, 21 although this is considered a drawback when photo catalytic conversion is desired under visible light. The crystalline structure is the major factor determining the band gap, but secondary factors include the particle size and the presence of defects (physical or chemical). 22,23 A large surface-tomass ratio of the nanoparticles helps to promote catalytic reactions, and increases their ability to absorb and carry other compounds. Their surface reactivity originates from quantum phenomena that can make nano-TiO 2 seemingly unpredictable. 24Engineered nano-TiO 2 is designed to impart specific characteristics that vary according to their use. Aside from unique nanoscale properties (size, Crystallinity, reactivity, and thermodynamics), nanoTiO 2 may be funct...

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Synthesis of WO3/TiO2 nanocomposites via sol–gel method

Cited by 120 publications

References 15 publications

Synthesis and characterization of Cs-exchanged heteropolyacid catalysts functionalized with Sn for carbonolysis of glycerol to glycerol carbonate

Synthesis and characterization of Cs-exchanged heteropolyacid catalysts functionalized with Sn for carbonolysis of glycerol to glycerol carbonate

Effect of doping Fe/Cu/Ti on WO₃ on furfural degradation

Toxicity Associated with the Photo Catalytic and Photo Stable Forms of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Used in Sunscreen lotion

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Synthesis of WO3/TiO2 nanocomposites via sol–gel method

Cited by 120 publications

References 15 publications

Synthesis and characterization of Cs-exchanged heteropolyacid catalysts functionalized with Sn for carbonolysis of glycerol to glycerol carbonate

Synthesis and characterization of Cs-exchanged heteropolyacid catalysts functionalized with Sn for carbonolysis of glycerol to glycerol carbonate

Effect of doping Fe/Cu/Ti on WO3 on furfural degradation

Toxicity Associated with the Photo Catalytic and Photo Stable Forms of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Used in Sunscreen lotion

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Effect of doping Fe/Cu/Ti on WO₃ on furfural degradation