Synthesis of β-MoO3 by vacuum drying and its structural and electrochemical characterisation

Ramirez, I.; Cruz, A. Martı́nez-de la

doi:10.1016/s0167-577x(02)00920-5

Cited by 44 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…In addition, Balendhran et al have classified these methods into three major categories: vapor, liquid and solid phase deposition techniques [7]. These products have been synthesized by various chemical methods, including electrodeposited [8], thermal evaporation [9], poly(ethylene oxide)-containing polymers with peroxomolybdate solutions [10], chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [11], chemical vapor transport of volatile MoO 3 (OH) 2 [12], the sol-gel process [13], evaporation of HNO 3 [14], HCl chemical precipitation [15], directly oxidation of a spiral coil of molybdenum [16], NaCl-assisted hydrothermal treatment [17], HNO 3 and H 2 O 2 [18], polyethylene glycol [19], the hydrothermal-sol gel method [20], the acid-base titration method [21], electrochemical processes [22], cation-exchange resins [23], micelles of a PEO–PBO–PEO [PEO, poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymer [24], solution combustion method [25], ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA), ammonium molybdate and alkali metal molybdate with ethylene glycol as catalysts for the reaction of propylene with an organic hydroperoxide [26]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Synthesis of α-MoO3 by Ethylene Glycol

Chiang

Yeh

2013

Materials

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This study investigated the use of ethylene glycol to form α-MoO3 (molybdenum trioxide) from ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate at various sintering temperatures for 1 h. During the sintering process, the morphologies of the constituents were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to explain the reaction process. In this work, the results obtained using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XRD) demonstrated that, when the molybdenum trioxide powder was treated thermally at 300 °C, the material exhibited crystallinity. The peaks were indexed to correspond with the (110), (040), (021), (111), and (060) crystallographic planes, and the lattice parameters of a, b, and c were about 3.961, 13.876, and 3.969 Å. Using these observations, we confirmed that orthorhombic α-MoO3 was formed for sintering temperatures from 300 to 700 °C. Pattern images were obtained by the selected area electron diffraction pattern (SAED) technique, and the d distance of the high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images were almost 0.39 and 0.36 nm, and the Mo 3d5/2, Mo 3d3/2, and O 1s of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were located at 233.76, 237.03, and 532.19 eV, which also demonstrated that α-MoO3 powder had been synthesized.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Synthesis of α-MoO3 by Ethylene Glycol

Chiang

Yeh

2013

Materials

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“…9,10 Molybdenum trioxide MoO 3 is of interest for wide applications in electrochromic devices, 11 gas sensors, 12 and catalysis. 18,19 To be able to establish improved structure-property relationships it is of fundamental interest to have access to well-defined model materials of MoO 3 polymorphs in pure form, including thin films. 15 For instance, metastable b-MoO 3 has higher catalytic activity in the synthesis of formaldehyde than the stable a-MoO 3 phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of characterization techniques for atomic layer deposition MoO3 coatings: From the amorphous to the orthorhombic α-MoO3 crystalline phase

Diskus

Nilsen

Fjellvåg

et al. 2011

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films

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Impact of titanium addition on film characteristics of Hf O 2 gate dielectrics deposited by atomic layer deposition J. Appl. Phys. 98, 054104 (2005); 10.1063/1.2030407Microstructure characterization of sol-gel prepared MoO 3 -TiO 2 thin films for oxygen gas sensors Thin films of MoO 3 deposited on Si(111) and Al 2 O 3 (001) substrates by atomic layer deposition have been investigated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Raman spectroscopy for detailed characterization of composition and morphology. Comparison of angle resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ARXPS) and XPS depth profiles based on Ar þ sputtering is reported. Sputtering induces a reduction of molybdenum in MoO 3 from þIV to metallic Mo as the interface toward Si is approached, whereas ARXPS on a 10 nm thin film shows that Mo(VI) remains outside the interface toward Si where lower valent molybdenum compounds are formed. Upon annealing, the as-deposited amorphous thin films of MoO 3 crystallize into bor a-MoO 3 as identified by x-ray diffraction. The current study provides a convenient route toward formation of metastable b-MoO 3 and a full crystallization pathway from amorphous to crystalline a-MoO 3 . Combined AFM and Raman analysis have been performed on thin films of a-MoO 3 deposited on Al 2 O 3 (001) and prove that the crystallization proceeds via island growth at 600 C. The Raman intensity ratios between different bands depend strongly on morphology and size of crystalites.

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“…These properties made it one of the most promising candidates for many technological applications, such as battery electrodes, large-area display devices, gas sensor, etc. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Other metastable structures of MoO 3 , though showing some novel or enhanced properties compared to their thermodynamically stable forms, [12][13][14][15] are usually more difficult to prepare at ambient condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-pressure Raman scattering and x-ray diffraction of phase transitions in MoO3

Liu

Lei

Hao

et al. 2009

Journal of Applied Physics

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The high-pressure behavior of molybdenum trioxides ͑MoO 3 ͒ has been investigated by angle-dispersive synchrotron x-ray powder diffraction and Raman spectroscopy techniques in a diamond anvil cell up to 43 and 30 GPa, respectively. In the pressure range of up to 43 GPa, structural phase transitions from the orthorhombic ␣-MoO 3 phase ͑Pbnm͒ to the monoclinic MoO 3-II phase ͑P2 1 / m͒, and then to the monoclinic MoO 3-III phase ͑P2 1 / c͒, occurred at pressures of about 12 and 25 GPa at room temperature, respectively. Our observation of the transition from the orthorhombic ␣-MoO 3 to the monoclinic MoO 3-II phase is in disagreement with earlier studies in which the phase transition could not be obtained when only pressure is applied. The changes in the MoO distances and O-MoO and MoO -Mo angles may explain the changes in Raman spectrum. The pressure dependence of the volume of two monoclinic high-pressure phases is described by a third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state, which yields a bulk modulus value of B 0 = 143.41͑3͒ GPa with B 0 Ј= 12, and B 0 = 261.9͑3͒ GPa with B 0 Ј= 3.5.

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Synthesis of β-MoO3 by vacuum drying and its structural and electrochemical characterisation

Cited by 44 publications

References 10 publications

The Synthesis of α-MoO3 by Ethylene Glycol

The Synthesis of α-MoO3 by Ethylene Glycol

Combination of characterization techniques for atomic layer deposition MoO3 coatings: From the amorphous to the orthorhombic α-MoO3 crystalline phase

High-pressure Raman scattering and x-ray diffraction of phase transitions in MoO3

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