Synthesis of γ-LiV2O5 nanorods as a high-performance cathode for Li ion battery

Abstract

One-dimension γ-LiV 2 O 5 nanorods were synthesized using VO 2 (B) nanorods as precursor in this study. The as-prepared material is characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectrometry, Fourier-transform infrared, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cyclic voltammetry, and charge-discharge cycling test. TEM results show that LiV 2 O 5 nanorods are 90-250 nm in diameter. The nanorods deliver a maximum discharge capacity of 284.3 mAh g −1 at 15 mA g −1 and 270.2 mAh g −1 is maintained at the 15th cycle. Good rate performance is also observed with the discharge capacity of 250.1 and 202.6 mAh g −1 at 50 and 300 mA g −1 , respectively. The capacity retention at 300 mA g −1 is 84.2% over 50 cycles. The Li + diffusion coefficient of LiV 2 O 5 is calculated to be 10 -10 -10 −9 cm 2 s −1 . It is demonstrated that the nanorod morphology could greatly facilitate to shorten lithium ion diffusion pathways and increase the contact area between active material and electrolyte, resulting in high capacity and rate performance for LiV 2 O 5 .

Multi-layered Al2O3/LixV2O5/LiV3O8 nanoflakes with superior cycling stability as cathode material for Li-ion battery

“…2b is the high resolution of V2p after fitting. Peak at 517.4 eV and 524.6 eV are attributed to the spin-orbit splitting of V 5+ 2p3/2 and V 5+ 2p1/2, which are well consistent with the valence in references [37,38]. (Fig.…”

“…Meanwhile, the middle Li x V 2 O 5 layer should be another important reason. It is well known that Li x V 2 O 5 has a much higher Li-ion diffusion coefficient ($10 À10 cm 2 s À1 ) [38] than LiV 3 O 8 ($10 À13 cm 2 s À1 ) [50]. So a proper thickness of Li x V 2 O 5 layer between Al 2 O 3 and LiV 3 O 8 layer might be beneficial to the electrochemical interfacial properties of LiV 3 O 8 .…”

The effect of nitrogen annealing on lithium ion intercalation in nickel-doped lithium trivanadate

“…The peaks at 2.41 and 2.51 V correspond to Li-ion insertion in the empty tetrahedral site with a single-phase reaction, and the peak around 2.34 V may relate to the two-phase transformation of Li 3 [35][36][37][38][39]. While the peak at 3.46 V may stem from the insertion reaction of LiV 2 O 5 [30]. Also, there are five main peaks (2.48, 2.49, 2.66, 3.51 and 3.67 V) during the anodic scan of N-Ni-LVO.…”

“…However, sample N-Ni-LVO demonstrated appreciable difference in its XRD, though LiV 3 O 8 remains the predominant phase. A parasitic secondary-phase LiV 2 O 5 is evidently present (JCPDS 18-0756) [30] in the sample of N-Ni-LVO. Both XRD patterns revealed that the samples contain neither nickel metal nor NiO, for nickel is most likely to be incorporated to the LVO compound through substituting and taking vanadium ion positions, considering the relatively small amount of nickel doping (5 %) and reasonable difference in ionic radii of Ni 2?…”

Sol–gel-assisted, fast and low-temperature synthesis of La-doped Li3V2(PO4)3/C cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries

“…The initial charge-discharge curves of pristine and La-doped Li 3 V 2Àx La x (PO 4 ) 3 /C (x ¼ 0.02, 0.04, 0.06) composites at a charge-discharge rate (C-rate) of $0.2 C between 3.0 V and 4.8 V are shown in Fig. 47 It is noted that the discharge capacity is improved considerably when the La ion doping level is x ¼ 0.04. All composites display four voltage plateaus during the charging process at approximately $3.60, $3.70, $4.10 and $4.60 V, and during the discharging process, there are three voltage plateaus at approximately $3.56, $3.65, and $4.1 V. These results indicate a sequence of phase transition processes taking place in the Li x V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 (x ¼ 3.0, 2.5, 2.0, 1.0), respectively.…”