Synthetic Motility and Cell Shape Defects Associated with Deletions of Flotillin/Reggie Paralogs in Bacillus subtilis and Interplay of These Proteins with NfeD Proteins

Dempwolff, Felix; Möller, Heiko M.; Graumann, Peter L.

doi:10.1128/jb.00910-12

Cited by 47 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Associated with this group are flotillin T and its associated NfeD2 protein (22), which are involved in signaling via the organization of proteins, including a histidine kinase, within defined places in the membrane (23), emphasizing the importance of membrane-associated changes due to pLS20. Among the upregulated proteins that are transcriptional regulators are DnaA and CcpA (see Table S1 in the supplemental material).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Presence of Conjugative Plasmid pLS20 Affects Global Transcription of Its Bacillus subtilis Host and Confers Beneficial Stress Resistance to Cells

Rösch

Golman

Hucklesby

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Conjugation activity of plasmid pLS20 from Bacillus subtilis subsp. natto is induced when cells are diluted into fresh medium and diminishes as cells enter into stationary-phase growth. Transcriptional profiling shows that during mid-exponential growth, more than 5% of the host genes are affected in the presence of the plasmid, in contrast to the minor changes seen in freshly diluted and stationary-phase cells. Changes occurred in many metabolic pathways, although pLS20 does not confer any detectable burden on its host cell, as well as in membrane and cell wall-associated processes, in the large motility operon, and in several other cellular processes. In agreement with these changes, we found considerable alterations in motility and enzyme activity and increased resistance against several different forms of stress in cells containing the plasmid, revealing that the presence of pLS20 has a broad impact on the physiology of its host cell and increases its stress resistance in multiple aspects. Additionally, we found that the lack of chromosomal gene yueB, known to encode a phage receptor protein, which is upregulated in cells containing pLS20, strongly reduced conjugation efficiency, revealing that pLS20 not only increases fitness of its host but also employs host proteins for efficient transfer into a new cell.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Presence of Conjugative Plasmid pLS20 Affects Global Transcription of Its Bacillus subtilis Host and Confers Beneficial Stress Resistance to Cells

Rösch

Golman

Hucklesby

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Cells lacking FloA and FloT are defective in a number of signal transduction pathways that are associated with the protein cargo of the functional membrane microdomains (e.g., biofilm formation, sporulation, motility, or competence) (6, 8, 20, 21). Thus, it is believed that FloA and FloT facilitate the interaction and oligomerization of the protein cargo in the functional microdomains of B. subtilis in a fashion similar to that described for eukaryotic lipid rafts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overproduction of Flotillin Influences Cell Differentiation and Shape in Bacillus subtilis

Mielich-Süss

Schneider

López

2013

mBio

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Bacteria organize many membrane-related signaling processes in functional microdomains that are structurally and functionally similar to the lipid rafts of eukaryotic cells. An important structural component of these microdomains is the protein flotillin, which seems to act as a chaperone in recruiting other proteins to lipid rafts to facilitate their interaction. In eukaryotic cells, the occurrence of severe diseases is often observed in combination with an overproduction of flotillin, but a functional link between these two phenomena is yet to be demonstrated. In this work, we used the bacterial model Bacillus subtilis as a tractable system to study the physiological alterations that occur in cells that overproduce flotillin. We discovered that an excess of flotillin altered specific signal transduction pathways that are associated with the membrane microdomains of bacteria. As a consequence of this, we detected significant defects in cell division and cell differentiation. These physiological alterations were in part caused by an unusual stabilization of the raft-associated protease FtsH. This report opens the possibility of using bacteria as a working model to better understand fundamental questions related to the functionality of lipid rafts.

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“…In B. subtilis, the alternative sigma factor W is known to play a role in the resistance to sublancin through its regulation of the yqeZyqfA-yqfB operon (25). The role these genes play in resistance to sublancin is unknown, but it is likely to be at the cell surface, due to their membrane localization (26).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Phosphoenolpyruvate:Sugar Phosphotransferase System Is Involved in Sensitivity to the Glucosylated Bacteriocin Sublancin

Gonzalo

Denham

Mars

et al. 2015

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The mode of action of a group of glycosylated antimicrobial peptides known as glycocins remains to be elucidated. In the current study of one glycocin, sublancin, we identified the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) of Bacillus species as a key player in bacterial sensitivity. Sublancin kills several Gram-positive bacteria, such as Bacillus species and Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Unlike other classes of bacteriocins for which the PTS is involved in their mechanism of action, we show that the addition of PTS-requiring sugars leads to increased resistance rather than increased sensitivity, suggesting that sublancin has a distinct mechanism of action. Collectively, our present mutagenesis and genomic studies demonstrate that the histidine-containing phosphocarrier protein (HPr) and domain A of enzyme II (PtsG) in particular are critical determinants for bacterial sensitivity to sublancin. Bacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized peptides produced by a wide range of bacterial species. These bacteriocins endow the producing bacteria with a competitive advantage in their respective niche. Many bacteriocins are heavily posttranslationally processed during their biosynthesis, and these modifications are required for activity (1). Nisin is the best-studied bacteriocin and belongs to the lantibiotic family (2). The mode of action of nisin involves binding to lipid II, which prevents further cell wall synthesis, followed by the formation of pores within the membrane. The leakage of essential metabolites from these cells results in death of the bacteria. Targeting of lipid II by bacteriocins is a common mechanism of action (3-5). Other mechanisms include the targeting of phosphotransferase systems (6, 7), acting as Trojan horses (8, 9), parasitizing iron uptake pathways (10) and causing the collapse of membrane potential, together with leakage of ions and/or a decrease in intracellular ATP concentrations (11). There is much interest in bacteriocins for use in the control of bacterial infections and therefore in their mechanisms of action.Sublancin is a bacteriocin produced by the Gram-positive soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis strain 168. It is capable of killing several species of Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) (12). Sublancin is encoded by the sunA gene on the SP␤ prophage as a prepeptide (13). The genes necessary for the synthesis of sublancin are also included in this region and are expressed from two promoters. The biosynthetic operon is made up of five individual genes, which are responsible for producing active sublancin. The sunT gene is responsible for the export of sublancin and cleavage of its leader sequence. Two thiol-disulfide oxidoreductases, encoded by bdbA (the only gene of the operon that is dispensable for active sublancin production) and bdbB, are responsible for creating the two disulfide bonds of sublancin. These disulfide bonds involve four of the five cysteine re...

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Synthetic Motility and Cell Shape Defects Associated with Deletions of Flotillin/Reggie Paralogs in Bacillus subtilis and Interplay of These Proteins with NfeD Proteins

Cited by 47 publications

References 30 publications

The Presence of Conjugative Plasmid pLS20 Affects Global Transcription of Its Bacillus subtilis Host and Confers Beneficial Stress Resistance to Cells

The Presence of Conjugative Plasmid pLS20 Affects Global Transcription of Its Bacillus subtilis Host and Confers Beneficial Stress Resistance to Cells

Overproduction of Flotillin Influences Cell Differentiation and Shape in Bacillus subtilis

The Phosphoenolpyruvate:Sugar Phosphotransferase System Is Involved in Sensitivity to the Glucosylated Bacteriocin Sublancin

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