“…Various polymers have been demonstrated to have such properties, such as polylactic acid (PLA), poly (lactide-co-glycolide) acid (PLGA) [206,207], chitosan [208][209][210][211] or modified chitosan [207], poly(-glutamic acid) (-PGA) [212,213], polypeptides [204], starch [214,215], polystyrene [35,205], polyphosphazene [216], poly (prolylene sulfide) [217], polyethylene glycol [218], alginate [219], and their copolymers [220,221]. They enhance immunogenicity through several mechanisms, including enhancement of antigen uptake by dendritic cells (in vitro) [212], maturation of dendritic cells [212], promotion of proliferation of antigen-specific T cells [212], stimulation of both B and T lymphocytes [208], facilitation of activation of dendritic cells [222], viscosity-induced retention of antigens in the vaccination site [210] and controlled release of antigen by particles [223,224].…”