Synthetic polymers in personal care and cosmetics products (PCCPs) as a source of microplastic (MP) pollution

Nawalage, N. M. S. K.; Bellanthudawa, Bellanthudawage Kushan Aravinda

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113927

Cited by 37 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These particles could be made of polypropylene, polystyrene (PS), polyethylene, nylon, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), or poly(ethylene terephthalate), , with a size of less than 5 mm down to 1 μm and many shapes such as fibers, foams, films, foils, fragments, pellets, and spheres. − Their sources in fresh water include degraded plastic waste, industrial effluents, and wastewater effluents, − while in marine environments, they arise from sources including plastic production or recycling, sandblasting, fishing gear, synthetic clothing, and packaging materials. Moreover, spherical microbeads are intentionally added to some daily consumed products including exfoliants, liquid soup, and toothpaste, where they contribute to the microplastics found in aquatic environments …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, spherical microbeads are intentionally added to some daily consumed products including exfoliants, 17 liquid soup, 18 and toothpaste, 19 where they contribute to the microplastics found in aquatic environments. 20 Many techniques exist in literature for the characterization of aquatic microplastics including micro-Fourier transform infrared (micro-FTIR), 21 micro-Raman, 22 attenuated total reflection FTIR (ATR-FTIR), 23,24 surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, 25 fluorescent material tagging, 26 flow cytometry, 27 thermogravimetric analysis, 28 and nuclear magnetic resonance. 29 However, most of these techniques require heavy sample preparation and/or are time-consuming, 30,31 especially those techniques that rely on scanning over the sample surface to produce a detailed mapping of the microplastic particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Detection of Sub-20 μm Microplastic Particles by Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Comparison with Raman Spectroscopy

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microplastics are particulate water contaminants that are raising concerns regarding their environmental and health impacts. Optical spectroscopy is the gold standard for their detection; however, it has severe limitations such as tens of hours of analysis time and spatial resolution of more than 10 μm, when targeting the production of a 2D map of the microparticle population. In this work, through a single spectrum acquisition, we aim at quickly getting information about the whole population of identical particles, their chemical nature, and their size in a range below 20 μm. To this end, we built a compact setup enabling both attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy measurement on the same sample for comparison purposes. We used monodisperse polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) microplastic spheres of sizes ranging between 6 and 20 μm, also measured collectively using a bench-top FTIR spectrometer in ATR mode. The ATR-FTIR technique appears to be more sensitive for the smallest particles of 6 μm, while the opposite trend is observed using Raman spectroscopy. We use theoretical modeling to simulate and explain the ripples observed in the measured spectra at the shortest wavelength (higher wavenumber) region, which appears as an indicator of the microparticle dimension. The latter finding opens new perspectives for ATR-FTIR for the identification and classification of populations of nearly identical micro-scale bodies, such as bacteria and other micro-organisms, where the same measured spectrum embeds dual information about the chemical nature and the size.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Detection of Sub-20 μm Microplastic Particles by Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Comparison with Raman Spectroscopy

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Conventional petroleum-based polymers are commonly used in many applications for their good chemical and physical properties and cost-effectiveness, while their resistance to degradation has brought out quite a lot of environmental concerns [ 1 , 2 ], so there has been a boom in renewable polymers, particularly biodegradable biopolymers [ 3 , 4 ]. Nature source-deprived polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most promising biopolymers, having attracted immense interest for its superb biocompatibility, biodegradability and raw material abundance [ 5 ], which makes it a versatile material in producing articles of consumption in medicine and hygiene, packaging, additive manufacturing and other industrial applications [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Phytic Acid/Urea Co-Modified Bamboo Biochar and Its Application as Green Flame Retardant for Polylactic Acid Resins

Zhong¹,

Wang²,

Sun³

et al. 2023

Polymers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is of great significance to develop green, sustainable additives to improve the thermal stability and flame retardancy of biopolymers. In this work, a synergistic modification of P/N elements to bamboo biochar (mBC) was successfully achieved by grafting a reaction of phytic acid and urea with preoxidized bamboo biochar. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance and scanning electron microscope determinations of the mBC demonstrated a successive grafting of phytic acid and urea to the originally porous surface. The ground mBC was blended with polylactic acid (PLA) to prepare mBC/PLA composites by extrusion and hot pressing. Mechanical strength studies showed a compromise in rigidity, which might originate from the mBC overdose and its limited miscibility with the resin. The thermogravimetric results supported the fact that the enhancement of thermal stability and flame retardancy of the composites with the mBC dosage, which showed that the mBC dosage in the PLA composites was not only lower than that of the conventional flame retardants, but also outperformed the counterparts using BC modified by inorganic phosphoric acid and urea. The mBC was prone to accelerate the earlier decomposition of the composites (30 °C lower in decomposition) and generate a continuous, dense residual carbon layer, which provides an effective shield resisting the mass and heat transfer between the combustion area and the underlying composite matrix. Only 10 wt% of mBC dosage could achieve a V-0 rating (UL94) for the composite, with a higher limiting oxygen index up to 28.3% compared to 20.7% for that of the virgin PLA; the cone colorimetric results also suggested that the flame retardancy had been greatly improved for all composites. In this work, biobased P-/N-containing bamboo biochar would be expected as a nontoxic biochar-based flame retardant that serves as green filler in polymer composites.

show abstract

“…In cosmetic industry, MPs are added as microspheres (MPs) (Cheung and Fok, 2016;Isobe, 2016) to improve cleansing and exfoliating properties of cosmetics (Napper, et al, 2015). Among the main constituents of MPs, 93% is represented by polyethylene (PE) (Gouin, et al, 2011;Nawalage and Bellanthudawa, 2022). PE wax is widely recognized as an excellent structuring agent, to provide formulations texture, and a key ingredient in lipsticks and mascaras (Loretz, et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategy for the Development of a New Stick Formula Without Microplastics

Frigerio,

Conti,

caruso

2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Synthetic polymers in personal care and cosmetics products (PCCPs) as a source of microplastic (MP) pollution

Cited by 37 publications

References 52 publications

Detection of Sub-20 μm Microplastic Particles by Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Comparison with Raman Spectroscopy

Detection of Sub-20 μm Microplastic Particles by Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Comparison with Raman Spectroscopy

Fabrication of Phytic Acid/Urea Co-Modified Bamboo Biochar and Its Application as Green Flame Retardant for Polylactic Acid Resins

Strategy for the Development of a New Stick Formula Without Microplastics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About