Synthetic scheme to increase the abrasion resistance of waterborne polyurethane–urea by controlling micro‐phase separation

Chen, Shu‐Yi; Zhuang, Ren‐Quan; Chuang, Fu‐Sheng; Rwei, Syang‐Peng

doi:10.1002/app.50561

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…WPU, on the other hand, is designed to be dispersible in water thanks to a less crosslinked structure and the presence of polar groups—hydrophilic segments—which are not as prevalent in TPU, making WPU more vulnerable to other solvents, specifically polar solvents, such as IPA. [ 53 ] As such, when IPA comes into contact with WPU, it interacts with the polar soft segments breaking the polymer chains apart, causing the material to dissolve or degrade.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recyclable Thin‐Film Soft Electronics for Smart Packaging and E‐Skins

et al. 2023

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Despite advances in soft, sticker‐like electronics, few efforts have dealt with the challenge of electronic waste. Here, this is addressed by introducing an eco‐friendly conductive ink for thin‐film circuitry composed of silver flakes and a water‐based polyurethane dispersion. This ink uniquely combines high electrical conductivity (1.6 × 105 S m−1), high resolution digital printability, robust adhesion for microchip integration, mechanical resilience, and recyclability. Recycling is achieved with an ecologically‐friendly processing method to decompose the circuits into constituent elements and recover the conductive ink with a decrease of only 2.4% in conductivity. Moreover, adding liquid metal enables stretchability of up to 200% strain, although this introduces the need for more complex recycling steps. Finally, on‐skin electrophysiological monitoring biostickers along with a recyclable smart package with integrated sensors for monitoring safe storage of perishable foods are demonstrated.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recyclable Thin‐Film Soft Electronics for Smart Packaging and E‐Skins

et al. 2023

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“…Sample BDO/DPG 50/50 shows the highest abrasion resistance, likely because it presents a good balance between stiffness and flexibility, hindering the removal of polymer particles during the abrasion test. It was previously observed that polymers presenting high toughness have high abrasion resistance [ 45 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning Thermal, Morphological, and Physicochemical Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethanes (TPUs) by the 1,4-Butanediol (BDO)/Dipropylene Glycol (DPG) Ratio

et al. 2022

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Thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) are versatile polymers presenting a broad range of properties as a result of their countless combination of raw materials—in essence, isocyanates, polyols, and chain extenders. This study highlights the effect of two different chain extenders and their combination on the structure–property relationships of TPUs synthesized by reactive extrusion. The TPUs were obtained from 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), polyester diols, and the chain extenders 1,4-butanediol (BDO) and dipropylene glycol (DPG). The BDO/DPG ratios studied were 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, and 0/100 wt.%. The TPUs were characterized by size exclusion chromatography (SEC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), UV–vis spectroscopy, and physical-mechanical properties. The results indicate that DPG promotes compatibility between rigid (HS) and flexible (SS) segments of TPUs. Consequently, increasing DPG content (>75 wt.%) reduced the organization of the rigid segments and the degree of phase separation, increasing the polydispersity of the interdomain distance and the transparency in the UV–visible spectrum of the TPUs. Furthermore, increasing DPG content also reduced the amount of hydrogen bonds present in the rigid phase, reducing or extinguishing its glass transition temperature (TgHS) and melting temperature (Tm), and increasing the glass transition temperature of the flexible phase (TgSS). Therefore, increasing DPG content leads to a deterioration in mechanical properties and hydrolysis resistance.

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“…28 WPU properties can be altered by using diverse components of hard and soft segments. 29 The soft segment of PU is typically composed of a polyether or polyester polyol, whereas the hard segment is composed of diisocyanate and a chain extender.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polymeric dyes are synthesized by the introduction of monomeric dyes into the main chain or side chain of the polymer backbone, e.g., hydroxyl or amine groups on dyes to isocyanate, − where the grafting of the polymer occurs with the dye via radical polymerization. , Among polymeric dyes, waterborne poly(urethane-urea) is one of the major categories in waterborne dye inks. , WPU has been widely applied for coatings on textiles and binders because it positively affects sustainability, , including low emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) . WPU properties can be altered by using diverse components of hard and soft segments . The soft segment of PU is typically composed of a polyether or polyester polyol, whereas the hard segment is composed of diisocyanate and a chain extender.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen-Bond-Assisted Dye-Incorporated Waterborne Poly( urethane-urea) (WPU) for an Environment-Friendly Textile Dyeing Process

Chen

Cuo

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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To propose a green dyeing strategy permitting the incorporation of chromophores via the promotion of physical bonding and a simple sewage processing procedure, a strategy for increasing the reactivity of a conventional disperse dye, namely, 1-amino-4-hydroxy-2-phenoxyanthraquinone (Disperse Red 60, R60), to isocyanate groups and miscibility with waterborne poly(urethane-urea) (WPU) was reported. The modified dye R60-OH was prepared by the alkylation of 3-bromopropan-1-ol. Subsequently, R60-OH was reacted with the trifunctional isocyanate (named R60-O-THDI), which provided additional hydrogen bonds between the dye and the polymer chain and rendered better color fastness. Polyester, nylon, and cotton fabric coated with R60 and R60-O-THDIincorporated WPUs were investigated by colorimetric analysis, washing tests, and rubbing color fastness. R60-O-THDI exhibited the best rubbing and washing color fastness, indicative of a simple method to fabricate a water-based dye ink without grafting a chromophore onto a polymer backbone via the promotion of physical bonding. The proposed green dyeing strategy also permitted a simple sewage processing procedure to recover polyurethane from the suspension by changing the pH, rendering better color fastness on textiles, as well as less wastewater production.

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Synthetic scheme to increase the abrasion resistance of waterborne polyurethane–urea by controlling micro‐phase separation

Cited by 14 publications

References 45 publications

Recyclable Thin‐Film Soft Electronics for Smart Packaging and E‐Skins

Recyclable Thin‐Film Soft Electronics for Smart Packaging and E‐Skins

Tuning Thermal, Morphological, and Physicochemical Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethanes (TPUs) by the 1,4-Butanediol (BDO)/Dipropylene Glycol (DPG) Ratio

Hydrogen-Bond-Assisted Dye-Incorporated Waterborne Poly( urethane-urea) (WPU) for an Environment-Friendly Textile Dyeing Process

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