Synthetics, Mineral Oils, and Bio-Based Lubricants

Rudnick, Leslie R.

doi:10.1201/9781315158150

Cited by 99 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In the same token, Polyphenyl Ether (PPE) and Perfluorinated Polyether (PFPE) were discovered to possess hightemperature withstanding properties in comparison to other types of lubricants. Additionally, PPEs are also capable of providing protection from corrosion as well as increasing the life of connectors apart from having good thermal stability [29]. There are relatively few historical studies in the area of lubricating grease application in electrical equipment compared to other field of applications.…”

Section: Electrical Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grease and its Application on Electrical Equipment: a Review

Japar¹,

Aziz²,

Razali³

et al. 2018

IJET

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Grease hardening and dry-out have been part of the major challenges in grease usage in electrical industry. The findings obtained over the years related to the study of synthetic, specialty, and new grease have found that the usage of these greases are costly; hence, it is very necessary to find an alternative method to reduce the cost as much as possible. Increasing petroleum demands, depletion of petroleum reserves, and the environmental awareness have influenced a huge interest in the use of waste oil as the alternative of base oil for grease formulation. The waste oils are considered as a promising candidate due the fact that the re-refining process of base oil is relatively cheap with high yield and the recovery of good quality oil. Optimum grease formulation is necessary in solving the aforementioned issues as well as overcoming complication specifically in the electrical industry where these greases are mainly utilized.

show abstract

Section: Electrical Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grease and its Application on Electrical Equipment: a Review

Japar¹,

Aziz²,

Razali³

et al. 2018

IJET

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Polyol esters that were introduced in the beginning of 1960s are now applied in a wide variety of applications; namely, in refrigeration compressors, aviation, greases, air compressors, metalworking, fire resistant, and biodegradable hydraulic insulating liquids and chain oils (Lucazeau, ). Polyol ester exhibits extraordinary stability particularly because they have no beta‐hydrogens and are, therefore, beta‐hindered (Rudnick, ; Totten et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polyol ester is versatile as its properties can be designed to suit different applications. Its performance can be modified either by changing its chemistry, purity, or formulation with additives (Rudnick, ). The chemistry can be altered by changing the type of alcohol used, the carbon chain length, and the degree of branching.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its chemistry and molecular structure are highly dependent on the raw material and alcohol used. In addition, the processing specification can also have a major impact on the physical properties and, hence, the overall performance of the ester (Rudnick, ). The global insulating liquid market is expected to grow steadily with a market size from USD 1.98 Billion in 2015 to USD 2.79 Billion by 2020.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of Molecular Structure on the Physical, Chemical, and Electrical Properties of Ester‐Based Transformer Insulating Liquids

Raof

Yunus

Rashid

et al. 2019

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article presents the experimental studies carried out on the environmental friendly polyol ester insulating liquids to investigate the effect of molecular structure on the physical, chemical, and electrical properties. Six different polyol esters that can be produced from the transesterification of various methyl esters with neopentylglycol/trimethylolpropane alcohols were synthesized and compared with those of refined, bleached, and deodorized palm oil (RBDPO) and mineral transformer oil. The finding suggests that the physical properties like fire point, pour point, and viscosity are very much affected by the molecular weight and molecular composition of the polyol esters. The electrical properties are also highly influenced by the molecular structure-related characteristics, such as the polarity, dipole polarization, carbon chain length, and degree of branching. The results confirm the findings of previous studies that the polyol esters and RBDPO have more polarity and dipole polarization compared to mineral oil. The experimental evidence showed that the newly synthesized insulating liquids have favorable thermal and electrical properties, thus suggesting that the insulating liquids have the potential to replace conventional insulating liquids to provide a more sustainable power system in the future.

show abstract

“…However, lubricants can also be a source of several toxic materials due to accidental or intentional leakage to the environment. Today over 95% of the lubricants are petroleum based and about 50% of the lubricants end up in total loss applications, volatility, spills or major accidents [1][2][3][4]. In this context, plant based oils have gained importance during the last couple of years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metathesized castor oil acylated derivatives: lubricants base stocks with low pour points and superior anti-wear properties

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Castor (Ricinus communis) oil containing ricinoleic acid 89% was self-metathesized in the presence of Grubbs' second generation catalyst (0.025 mmol), followed by epoxidation and insitu hydroxylation using Prilezhaev dihydroxylation method to obtain hydroxylated derivatives in 93% yields. MALDI study has shown that the metathesized products comprised of a mixture of monomer, dimer and trimer metathesized products. The hydroxylated derivatives were acylated using acetic, propionic, butyric and hexanoic anhydrides in 85-90% yields. The acylated base stocks being highly branched and of high molecular weights exhibited very low pour points (− 30 to − 40 °C) and broad viscosity ranges 45.5 cSt to 60.0 cSt at 40 °C, high viscosity indices , excellent anti-wear properties (0.52-0.69 mm), good thermal and oxidative stabilities along with high load carrying capacities (165-184 kg) suitable for multi-range industrial applications. These base stocks can be used with the addition of minimum additives during the formulation.

show abstract

Synthetics, Mineral Oils, and Bio-Based Lubricants

Cited by 99 publications

References 0 publications

Grease and its Application on Electrical Equipment: a Review

Grease and its Application on Electrical Equipment: a Review

Effects of Molecular Structure on the Physical, Chemical, and Electrical Properties of Ester‐Based Transformer Insulating Liquids

Metathesized castor oil acylated derivatives: lubricants base stocks with low pour points and superior anti-wear properties

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About