System of modality on the text of Indonesian presidential candidates debate on the period of 2014 – 2019

Abstract

The text modality system is a set of views, judgments, and opinions of a tenor on the linguistic phenomena. The tenor's view of discourse lies in a core position called the modal arena and is reconciled with two polar namely positive and negative polar. There are three linguistic phenomena underlying the study of the modalities of the text of the presidential candidate debate, i.e empirical, practical, and theoretical phenomena. The objective of the study was to describe the text modality system of Indonesian presidential candidate debate on the period of 2014-2015. The theory used in this research namely the theory of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) which was initiated by M.A.K Halliday (1985, 1991, 2004, 2014). The research approach is qualitative descriptive approach with the linguistic phenomenological paradigm. The types of data include words, phrases, clauses, a group of phrases, and text units. The data comes from the TDC audio recordings of stage I and II. The research instrument used text validation tables and contexts. Furthermore, the data collection stage used the method of documentation and observation along with some advanced techniques. Stage of data processing was done through classification, segmentation, and data codification. The analysis stage includes several stages, namely reduction, presentation, and verification. The results show that the PS has a tendency to use the probabilistic 'probable' modality, frequency 'usual', must 'mandatory' tendency to 'wish' with the subjectiveimplicit action orientation, while the JW tends to use the modulation of the probability type of 'certain', frequency 'always', must 'required', tendency 'fixed' with an objective-explicit action orientation.

Students’ Motivation in English Learning amid Covid-19 Pandemic: A Systemic Functional Linguistics Perspective

“…The modality is also seen in the data at a low level and in the negative range. Low motivation was also discovered in the prior studies, even though in a small amount (Setiawan, 2018;Ahmed & Al-Ward, 2020;Escobar Fandiño et al, 2019).…”

“…Students' motivations can be interpreted in a variety of ways (Eggins, 2004;Setiawan, 2018). Through the use of modal analysis, the degree to which students are motivated can be determined through their expressions or written texts (Supadmi & Laksana, 2021).…”

“…Through the use of modal analysis, the degree to which students are motivated can be determined through their expressions or written texts (Supadmi & Laksana, 2021). Since the modality is considered as a perspective, reflection, and personal opinions about the meaning of disclosure experiences communicated through written or spoken expressions (Halliday & Matthiessen, 2014;Setiawan, 2018;Rahmadhani & Rustandi, 2018) The polarity or choice between "yes" and "no," as well as intermediate degrees of "never" and "always," is known as modality (Halliday & Matthiessen, 2014). In the description of certainty/uncertainty or possibility/impossibility, it lies between positive and negative polar.…”

Modalitas Dalam Teks Berita Hoaks: Kajian Linguistik Sistemik Fungsional

“…Modalisasi Terkait penggunaan modulasi 'keharusan', hasil penelitian ini sejalan dengan penelitian Abdul Azis Faradi (2015) dan Irma Setiawan (2017) yang menyatakan bahwa dalam debat pemilihan presiden periode 2014-2019, kedua kandidat dominan menggunakan 'keharusan' derajat menengah hingga derajat tinggi untuk mempertegas visi misinya agar meyakinkan masyarakat dalam menentukan pilihan ( (Faradi, 2019); (Setiawan, 2018) , jangan, harus, minta, share, mohon, simak, ganti, mari, ayo, tunjukkan, selamatkan, tenggelamkan, beritakan derajat menengah (20.27%) sehingga informasi merupakan informasi yang belum terjadi dan kemungkinan terjadi dan tidak terjadinya sama. Berbeda dengan teks berita yang menyajikan informasi nyata, penggunaan modalisasi 'kemungkinan' yang dominan adalah 'kemungkinan' derajat tinggi sehingga kedekatannya dengan polaritas sangat tinggi.…”

Ideology in tempo magazine advertising: a critical discussion analysis

“…Critical discourse analysis contains theories and methods that can be used to conduct empirical studies of the relationships between discourse and social and cultural development in different social domains (Jorgensen and Philips, 2007: 114). The aim of critical discourse analysis is to explain the linguistic dimensions of discourse on social and cultural phenomena and the process of change in current modernity (Jorgensen and Philips, 2007: 116;in Setiawan, 2018;Sinar, 2012;. Fairclough and Wodak in Eriyanto (2001: 7) argue that critical discourse analysis sees discourse on the use of language in speech and writing as a structure of social practice.…”