Systematic Exploration of the Synthetic Parameters for the Production of Dynamic VO2(M1)

Bragaggia, Giulia; Cacciatore, Andrea; Poffe, Elisa; Capone, Claudia; Zorzi, Federico; Causin, Valerio; Gross, Silvia

doi:10.3390/molecules26154513

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Although this is not a high yield for monoclinic dioxide, the idea of its effective doping is supported by the observed DSC endothermic and exothermic peaks' values and positions shown in Figure 7. Discernment between both M1 and R phases in XRD can be delicate but visible with changing temperatures [12][13][14], sharing theoretical reflections of both pure compounds with similar relative intensities and positions. However, compared to the doped monoclinic peaks, expected at a bit over 27.8 • and 36.8 • , the cell of the R-VO 2 reflects near these values at a few less, or a few more, units of decimals of the 2θ angle, respectively.…”

Section: Vanadium Plus Tungsten Oxidationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Reactivity of Vanadium Nanoparticles with Oxygen and Tungsten

et al. 2022

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A mechanistic study was carried out on the optimal methods of fabrication of products containing higher loads of thermochromic VO2(M1) fabricated by thermal treatments of V nanoparticles in air, that, once achieved, are more stable than other commercial products upon natural aging or reiterated reheating. At the best temperatures for single runs, 55% of VO2 can be attained by the reactions of a limited number of the species initially formed in a process, that, if not stopped, can degrade the product by solid state reactions of oxidations and reductions without O2 consumption. This fact supports the use of two-step treatments at lower temperatures and faster cooling rates that reach 65% of VO2; such reactions should, ideally, take place in the 550-625 °C temperature range. The impregnation of V with a tungstate salt is an ideal and simple doping platform that can decrease the energy of activation of the 2-cycle process, allowing higher yields and enthalpies of transformation (71% of VO2, 26 J/g) than undoped counterparts or trademarks. A good balance is reached for 1% at. of W, with a reduction in Tc of 20 °C not significantly resenting the enthalpy of the reversible metal-to-insulator transition. For higher W amounts, the appearance of tetragonal VO2, and W alloyed V3O7 and V2O5, decrease the fractions of increasingly and effectively doped M1-VO2 achieved till 2% of W, a concentration for which Tc attains the stimulating values of 35 °C on heating and 25 °C on cooling.

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Section: Vanadium Plus Tungsten Oxidationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Reactivity of Vanadium Nanoparticles with Oxygen and Tungsten

et al. 2022

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“…VO 2 films have attracted much attention because they can modulate nearinfrared (NIR) transmittance via their reversible and ultrafast transition (in seconds) between the semiconducting monoclinic phase (M) and the metallic rutile phase (R) at ∼68 °C. 6,7 So-called "smart" windows can efficiently block NIR light from entering indoors when the temperature is above the transition point, thus reducing energy consumption caused by air conditioning in summer. Also, they can allow NIR light to enter indoors when the temperature is low, helping to raise the indoor temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thermochromic materials, specifically monoclinic M-phase vanadium dioxide [VO 2 (M)], have the potential to be used for energy-efficient windows in buildings owing to their simple structure, automatic thermochromic operation, low-cost, and zero-energy input characteristics. VO 2 films have attracted much attention because they can modulate near-infrared (NIR) transmittance via their reversible and ultrafast transition (in seconds) between the semiconducting monoclinic phase (M) and the metallic rutile phase (R) at ∼68 °C. , So-called “smart” windows can efficiently block NIR light from entering indoors when the temperature is above the transition point, thus reducing energy consumption caused by air conditioning in summer. Also, they can allow NIR light to enter indoors when the temperature is low, helping to raise the indoor temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced VO₂/Polymer Nanocomposite Smart Window Films Using VO₂ Nanoparticles from High-Throughput Flow Synthesis

Wostoupal,

Meyer,

Griffith

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Opt. Mater.

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Problems associated with climate change require active implementation of energy-efficiency strategies minimizing carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions and utilization of renewable energy sources. "Smart" window films utilizing thermochromic vanadium dioxide (VO 2 ) can adaptively make use of solar energy to significantly reduce the thermal load of the building by reflecting the infrared portion of the solar spectrum as a result of phase transition caused by heating of the monoclinic M-phase (M) of VO 2 . In this work, a scalable flow synthesis process has been utilized to screen a broad range of parameter space to target the synthesis of controlled sizes and morphologies of monoclinic VO 2 (M) nanoparticles as well as using a doping strategy and surface modifications to enable the tuning of metal to insulator transition temperature in a high-throughput fashion. We have also explored the strategies to increase solar modulation properties of VO 2nanoparticle-based polymer films by (i) changing the morphology of the nanoparticles from spherical into a nanorod structure, (ii) the surface modification of VO 2 nanoparticles by low refractive index ligands, and (iii) introduction of additional thermochromic materials to not only boost solar energy modulation but also enable more aesthetically appealing color of designed smart film. By strategically adjusting the VO 2 nanoparticle's thermochromic and optical properties, we have achieved 10.0% solar energy modulation for the as-synthesized VO 2 /polymer composite film and 19.9% solar energy modulation for NLETS [nickel(II) ligand exchange thermochromic system]/PFDA-VO 2 hybrid smart films. Moreover, using VO 2 nanoparticles with dominant nanorod morphology instead of nanospheres has resulted in more than double increase of thermochromic performance, ΔT at 2000 nm, and in the enhancement of solar energy modulation by 68% in combination ligands with low refractive index. This work provides insights into the design of advanced VO 2 /polymer composite smart window films.

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“…MIT in VO 2 still remains an active, ongoing investigation. [e.g., Shao et al, 2018;Bragaggia et al, 2021;Outon et al, 2022].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the VO2 smart material applications with emphasis on its use for spacecraft thermal control

et al. 2022

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It is surprising to see the wide range and versatile potential of applications of the VO2, due to its transition from a semiconductor phase at low temperature, to a metallic state at high temperature. Although this transition’s atomic mechanism is not yet well understood, the tuneability is very reproducible experimentally and can be monitored by various triggering schemes, not only by heating/cooling but also by applying a voltage, pressure, or high power single fast photonic pulse. Many of the recent applications use not only the low-temperature phase and the high-temperature phase, but also the transition slope to monitor a specific parameter. The paper starts with a summary of the VO2 thin film deposition methods and a table presenting its recent proposed applications, some of which our team had worked on. Then the development characterization and application of the VO2 as a smart thermal radiator is provided along with the recent progress. The experimental results of the emissivity were measured at low temperature and high temperature, as well as during the transition in vacuum based on the thermal power balance. These measurements were compared with those deduced from an average of Infrared Reflectance (2–30 µm) weighed with the blackbody reflection spectrum. The roadmap is to try alternatives of the multilayers in order to increase the emissivity tuneability, increase the device dimensions, have an easier application on space surfaces, while lowering cost.

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Systematic Exploration of the Synthetic Parameters for the Production of Dynamic VO2(M1)

Cited by 7 publications

References 32 publications

Reactivity of Vanadium Nanoparticles with Oxygen and Tungsten

Reactivity of Vanadium Nanoparticles with Oxygen and Tungsten

Advanced VO₂/Polymer Nanocomposite Smart Window Films Using VO₂ Nanoparticles from High-Throughput Flow Synthesis

Review of the VO2 smart material applications with emphasis on its use for spacecraft thermal control

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Systematic Exploration of the Synthetic Parameters for the Production of Dynamic VO2(M1)

Cited by 7 publications

References 32 publications

Reactivity of Vanadium Nanoparticles with Oxygen and Tungsten

Reactivity of Vanadium Nanoparticles with Oxygen and Tungsten

Advanced VO2/Polymer Nanocomposite Smart Window Films Using VO2 Nanoparticles from High-Throughput Flow Synthesis

Review of the VO2 smart material applications with emphasis on its use for spacecraft thermal control

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Advanced VO₂/Polymer Nanocomposite Smart Window Films Using VO₂ Nanoparticles from High-Throughput Flow Synthesis