Systemic effects of Subtilase cytotoxin produced by Escherichia coli O113:H21

Seyahian, Erika Abril; Oltra, Gisela; Ochoa, Federico; Melendi, Santiago; Hermes, Ricardo; Paton, James C.; Paton, Adrienne W.; Lago, Néstor; Parodi, Mauricio Castro; Damiano, Alicia E.; Ibarra, Cristina; Zotta, Elsa

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2016.12.014

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…48 Consistent with a previous study, SubAB-induced apoptosis was inhibited in Bcl-xLoverexpressing cells and increased in Bcl-xL knockdown cells. 49 SubAB has the potential to be an important virulence factor in bloody diarrhea and HUS by LEE-negative STEC infection, 50,51 and causes severe damage to the mouse intestine, as described earlier. However, there is no effective vaccine or consensus therapy.…”

Section: Effects Of Subab On Cell Death Signaling Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 74%

Host response to the subtilase cytotoxin produced by locus of enterocyte effacement‐negative Shiga‐toxigenic Escherichia coli

Tsutsuki

Ogura

Moss

et al. 2020

Microbiology and Immunology

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Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) is a major bacterium responsible for disease resulting from foodborne infection, including bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome. STEC produces important virulence factors such as Shiga toxin (Stx) 1 and/or 2. In the STEC family, some locus of enterocyte effacement-negative STEC produce two different types of cytotoxins, namely, Stx2 and subtilase cytotoxin (SubAB). The Stx2 and SubAB cytotoxins are structurally similar and composed of one A subunit and pentamer of B subunits. The catalytically active A subunit of SubAB is a subtilase-like serine protease and specifically cleaves an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78/BiP), a monomeric ATPase that is crucial in protein folding and quality control. The B subunit binds to cell surface receptors. SubAB recognizes sialic carbohydrate-modified cell surface proteins as a receptor. After translocation into cells, SubAB is delivered to the ER, where it cleaves GRP78/BiP. SubAB-catalyzed BiP cleavage induces ER stress, which causes various cell events including inhibition of protein synthesis, suppression of nuclear factor-kappa B activation, apoptotic cell death, and stress granules formation. In this review, we describe SubAB, the SubAB receptor, and the mechanism of cell response to the toxin.

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Section: Effects Of Subab On Cell Death Signaling Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 74%

Host response to the subtilase cytotoxin produced by locus of enterocyte effacement‐negative Shiga‐toxigenic Escherichia coli

Tsutsuki

Ogura

Moss

et al. 2020

Microbiology and Immunology

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“…The relevance of this study is the new concept indicating that Stx2 is able to inhibit the mechanisms of de-differentiation and re-differentiation, affecting the regenerative capacity of human renal tubular epithelial cells [39]. Seyahian et al [40], have evaluated the systemic effects of SubAB toxin in rats. In this regard, it has been observed that in intoxicated animals, among other events, accumulation of peritoneal ascites, and histological alterations in heart, colon, liver and kidneys occur.…”

Section: Novel Insights About Shiga Toxins and The Immune Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Research in Latin America

et al. 2018

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Pathogenic Escherichia coli are known to be a common cause of diarrheal disease and a frequently occurring bacterial infection in children and adults in Latin America. Despite the effort to combat diarrheal infections, the south of the American continent remains a hot spot for infections and sequelae associated with the acquisition of one category of pathogenic E. coli, the Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC). This review will focus on an overview of the prevalence of different STEC serotypes in human, animals and food products, focusing on recent reports from Latin America outlining the recent research progress achieved in this region to combat disease and endemicity in affected countries and to improve understanding on emerging serotypes and their virulence factors. Furthermore, this review will highlight the progress done in vaccine development and treatment and will also discuss the effort of the Latin American investigators to respond to the thread of STEC infections by establishing a multidisciplinary network of experts that are addressing STEC-associated animal, human and environmental health issues, while trying to reduce human disease. Regardless of the significant scientific contributions to understand and combat STEC infections worldwide, many significant challenges still exist and this review has focus in the Latin American efforts as an example of what can be accomplished when multiple groups have a common goal.

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“…SubAB is increasingly seen as a significant addition to the virulence genes of E. coli . Although the clinical significance of SubAB toxin in humans is poorly understood, the pathological effects of SubAB toxins on mice [ 22, 23 ] and rats [ 24 ] are substantial and mimic the pathological features of enterohaemorrhagic uraemic syndrome . The subAB operon is often described in association with strains that are either LEE-negative STEC or Shiga toxin-negative E. coli [ 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Duplication and diversification of a unique chromosomal virulence island hosting the subtilase cytotoxin in Escherichia coli ST58

et al. 2020

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The AB5 cytotoxins are important virulence factors in Escherichia coli . The most notable members of the AB5 toxin families include Shiga toxin families 1 (Stx1) and 2 (Stx2), which are associated with enterohaemorrhagic E. coli infections causing haemolytic uraemic syndrome and haemorrhagic colitis. The subAB toxins are the newest and least well understood members of the AB5 toxin gene family. The subtilase toxin genes are divided into a plasmid-based variant, subAB1, originally described in enterohaemorrhagic E. coli O113:H21, and distinct chromosomal variants, subAB2, that reside in pathogenicity islands encoding additional virulence effectors. Previously we identified a chromosomal subAB2 operon within an E. coli ST58 strain IBS28 (ONT:H25) taken from a wild ibis nest at an inland wetland in New South Wales, Australia. Here we show the subAB2 toxin operon comprised part of a 140 kb tRNA–Phe chromosomal island that co-hosted tia, encoding an outer-membrane protein that confers an adherence and invasion phenotype and additional virulence and accessory genetic content that potentially originated from known virulence island SE-PAI. This island shared a common evolutionary history with a secondary 90 kb tRNA–Phe pathogenicity island that was presumably generated via a duplication event. IBS28 is closely related [200 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)] to four North American ST58 strains. The close relationship between North American isolates of ST58 and IBS28 was further supported by the identification of the only copy of a unique variant of IS26 within the O-antigen gene cluster. Strain ISB28 may be a historically important E. coli ST58 genome sequence hosting a progenitor pathogenicity island encoding subAB.

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Systemic effects of Subtilase cytotoxin produced by Escherichia coli O113:H21

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Host response to the subtilase cytotoxin produced by locus of enterocyte effacement‐negative Shiga‐toxigenic Escherichia coli

Host response to the subtilase cytotoxin produced by locus of enterocyte effacement‐negative Shiga‐toxigenic Escherichia coli

Recent Advances in Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Research in Latin America

Duplication and diversification of a unique chromosomal virulence island hosting the subtilase cytotoxin in Escherichia coli ST58

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