Systemic Infections with &lt;i&gt;Candida&lt;/i&gt; sp. and &lt;i&gt;Aspergillus&lt;/i&gt; sp. in Immunocompromised Patients with Hematological Malignancies: Current Serological and Molecular Diagnostic Methods

Buchheidt, Dieter; Skladny, Heyko; Baust, Corinna; Hehlmann, Rüdiger

doi:10.1159/000007283

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…15 Recently, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for galactomannan detection has been introduced and found to be a sensitive marker for follow-up of the clinical outcome of invasive aspergillosis, although much less specific for an initial diagnosis of the disseminated disease. 15,17 Treatment of aspergillosis requires a high index of suspicion, rapid diagnosis and prompt institution of antifungal therapy. The treatment of choice is still amphotericin B, [1][2][3][4]11,18 although some recent studies refer to itraconazole and caspofungin as similarly effective in the therapy of disseminated disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extensive xanthelasma associated with anaplastic large cell lymphoma and hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome

et al. 2003

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A 57‐year‐old woman presented with a 6‐month history of an extensively spreading, yellowish patch on the periorbital areas and cheeks. A diagnosis of hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome had been made at the age of 22 years on the basis of an eczematous eruption, recurrent furunculosis, and a persistently elevated immunoglobulin E (IgE) level. Her past medical history revealed that she had suffered from numerous recurrent bouts of chronic sinusitis, otitis media, oral candidiasis, orbital cellulitis, acne rosacea, and pneumonia caused by cytomegalovirus since her twenties. In addition, 1 year ago, anaplastic large cell lymphoma of the cervical lymph node (stage IIIb) developed, and she received six cycles of cyclophosphamide–doxorubicin–vincristine–prednisolone (CHOP) chemotherapy with partial remission. None of her family had any of these problems. Cutaneous examination showed extensive, symmetric, noninfiltrated macular areas of distinct yellow discoloration around the eyes and on both cheeks (Fig. 1). There were also erythematous papulonodular eruptions on the nose and both cheeks, which were thought to be acne rosacea. Laboratory findings were normal, except for an elevated IgE level (8157 IU/mL). Serum concentrations of IgG, IgA, and IgM were normal. Serum complement levels were normal, as evidenced by normal C3, C4, and CH50. Although she had a previous history of a decreased level (12%) of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test (control, 53%), NBT test at our institute was normal. Neutrophil function tests, including neutrophil chemotaxis, neutrophil phagocytosis, neutrophil respiratory burst, and neutrophil microbial killing test, by flow cytometry, showed normal results. The serum lipid levels, including total cholesterol, triglyceride, low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol, and high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol, were normal. Serum lipoprotein electrophoresis was normal. A biopsy specimen revealed scattered foamy cells throughout the dermis. The larger clusters of foamy cells tended to group around the blood vessels of the dermis (Fig. 2). 1 Extensively distributed, yellowish, flat xanthelasma on the face 2 Clusters of foamy cells around the blood vessels of the dermis (hematoxylin and eosin, ×400)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extensive xanthelasma associated with anaplastic large cell lymphoma and hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome

et al. 2003

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“…The detection of anti‐ Aspergillus antibodies has been found to be unhelpful in neutropenic patients, and positive Aspergillus antigen (galactomannan) tests were obtained in only 12% of patients with invasive disease in one study 15 . Recently, the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for galactomannan detection has been introduced and found to be a sensitive marker for follow‐up of the clinical outcome of invasive aspergillosis, although much less specific for an initial diagnosis of the disseminated disease 15,17 . Treatment of aspergillosis requires a high index of suspicion, rapid diagnosis and prompt institution of antifungal therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solitary embolic cutaneous aspergillosis in the immunocompromised patient with acute myelogenous leukemia – a propos another case caused by Aspergillus flavus

2003

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A 68‐year‐old male with acute myelogenous leukemia was admitted for consolidation chemotherapy. The in‐hospital course was complicated by neutropenia, fever and nodular pulmonary opacities suggestive of multifocal pneumonia. The patient subsequently developed a single, solitary necrotic crusted nodule on the right cheek. Skin biopsy demonstrated embolic vascular invasion with septate hyphae, dichotomous branching and minimal inflammation. Tissue culture revealed Aspergillus flavus. Despite systemic antifungal therapy with amphotericin B and granulocyte transfusions, the patient developed respiratory failure and died of disseminated aspergillosis, sepsis and renal failure. The clinical presentation of disseminated infection with Aspergillus flavus as a solitary embolic cutaneous lesion is extremely rare. We have reviewed other cases described in the literature and suggest this pattern of cutaneous involvement as more typical of disseminated infection with Aspergillus flavus.

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“…Consequently, due to the long-term use of these antifungal agents/antibiotics, the susceptible candidal species die while the resistant species tend to proliferate themselves, causing serious problems for the hosts. 6 In an effort to increase the range of antibacterial drugs from plant resources, Capparis decidua commonly called as Kirir belongs to the family Capparaceae has been selected. Traditionally, it is used to cure many diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal activity in the methanolic, aqueous and hexane extracts of Capparis deciduas

et al. 2018

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The use of plants to cure specific ailments is as antique as human civilization. These days, in the modern era, there is a growing concern by public opinion regarding the use of synthetic medicine due to their side effects and cost. These facts led to the discovery of some economical and alternative drugs with fewer side-effects. In this study, methanolic, hexane and aqueous extracts of Capparis deciduas have been evaluated for their antifungal activity against medically important fungal strains-Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger using disc diffusion method at a dose of 1.8, 2.9, 6.5, 12.6, 25, 50 and 75 (µg/mL). Zone of inhibition for antifungal activity of these extracts was compared with that of a standard drug like fluconazole. The methanolic extracts of C. decidua showed significant activity against C. albicans (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC): 1.8 µg/mL), for hexane extracts the MIC was 2.9 µg/mL and for aqueous extracts, no MIC can be observed. C. decidua did not show significant activity against A. niger. Our finding showed that C. decidua has antifungal activity and further phytochemical analyses of these plants should be carried out to determine the bioactive ingredients that may serve as a lead in the progress of novel research activities in the pharmaceuticals industry.

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Systemic Infections with <i>Candida</i> sp. and <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. in Immunocompromised Patients with Hematological Malignancies: Current Serological and Molecular Diagnostic Methods

Cited by 15 publications

References 32 publications

Extensive xanthelasma associated with anaplastic large cell lymphoma and hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome

Extensive xanthelasma associated with anaplastic large cell lymphoma and hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome

Solitary embolic cutaneous aspergillosis in the immunocompromised patient with acute myelogenous leukemia – a propos another case caused by Aspergillus flavus

Antifungal activity in the methanolic, aqueous and hexane extracts of Capparis deciduas

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