Systemic Pedestrian Safety Analysis

Thomas, Libby; Sandt, Laura; Zegeer, C; Kumfer, Wesley; Lang, Katy; Lan, Bo; Horowitz, Zachary; Butsick, Andrew; Toole, J L; Schneider, Robert J.

doi:10.17226/25255

Cited by 17 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Crash types are variables that describe events and maneuvers of the involved parties that led up to a crash, such as head-on or roadway departure, and are available in most states’ crash reporting systems to characterize single motor vehicle or multiple motor-vehicle involved crashes ( 8 , 9 ). However, when bicyclists or pedestrians are involved in collisions with motor vehicles, details on the maneuvers and events leading up to the crash are often lacking ( 8 ), or must be constructed using multiple variables.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, when bicyclists or pedestrians are involved in collisions with motor vehicles, details on the maneuvers and events leading up to the crash are often lacking ( 8 ), or must be constructed using multiple variables. To create bicyclist crash types, variables on the relative maneuvers of the driver and bicyclist can be combined (if available), for example, that a bicyclist or pedestrian crossing at midblock was struck by a vehicle traveling straight ( 9 ); this type of information is widely used by agencies to target appropriate treatments to address the specific crash types.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bicyclist Crash Types on National, State, and Local Levels: A New Look

Thomas

Nordback

Sanders

2019

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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This paper presents an overview of prevalent bicyclist crash types in the United States, providing insights for practitioners that may be useful in planning safer networks and taking other proactive and risk-based approaches to treatment. The study compares fatal bicyclist crash types from national data with serious injury and all-severity bicyclist collisions from the state of North Carolina (NC) and the city of Boulder, Colorado. Overall, bicyclist fatalities in the United States are more prevalent in urban areas (69%) than rural areas (29%). Though the majority of all-severity crashes are at intersections, most fatal and disabling injury bicyclist crashes occur at non-intersection locations, including nearly one-third of bicyclists who die from collisions involving overtaking motorists. Top intersection crash types across national fatal and all-severity crashes in NC and Boulder include bicyclists failing to yield and motorists turning across a bicyclist’s path. However, many of the top all-severity types in the two jurisdictions differ from the top fatal crash types nationwide. These comparisons provide a fresh look at bicyclist crash type trends and have potential importance with respect to planning safer networks for Vision Zero communities, since a key finding is that locations and crash types most prevalent among fatal and serious injuries may differ from the most prevalent types for all-severity crashes. The findings could be useful to agencies lacking their own resources for risk-based assessment, but also suggest it is important to analyze higher severity crash types and jurisdiction-specific data when possible.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bicyclist Crash Types on National, State, and Local Levels: A New Look

Thomas

Nordback

Sanders

2019

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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“…The SDG 11 Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable has defined a target related to road safety (target 11.2) "By 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons".Lowering the number of road users' casualties is key to improving the overall performance of the transport system and to meet citizens' and companies' needs and expectations. Furthermore, more than half of fatalities are among vulnerable road users (VRUs) such as riders of, mopeds, pedestrians, cyclists, and motorcycles who represent an important challenge for road safety[17][18][19][20].2.5.1 Road safety inspectionsTo improve safety of the existing network, the sustainable complete streets design criteria require routine safety inspections of the road network to identify potential hazards for all road users.These are assessed by measuring risk in relation to road features that may lead to future crashes, so that remedial treatments may be implemented before crashes happen according to a preventive and systemic approach to road safety[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Traditionally, safety improvements have been made only at hotspots after high number of crashes have occurred[30][31][32][33][34][35][36].…”

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confidence: 99%

Sustainable Complete Streets Design Criteria and Case Study in Naples, Italy

Montella¹,

Chiaradonna²,

Mihiel³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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(1) Background: A growing number of communities are re-discovering the value of their streets as important public spaces for many aspects of daily life, thus creating the need for a transformation in the quality of streets. An emerging concept is to accommodate all users of the transportation system, a concept that has been labelled ‘complete streets’. (2) Methods: In this paper, we present sustainable complete streets design criteria that integrate complete streets by adding in socio-environmental design criteria related to aesthetics, environment, liveability, and safety. (3) Results: Proposed design criteria provide a street network which provides improvements in aesthetics, to recover historical urban character and realize historical area planning goals; environment, to increase permeable surfaces, reduce the heat island, and absorb traffic-related air pollution; liveability, to create a public space destination in the urban landscape; and safety, to improve the safety of all road users. and (4) Conclusions: The case study of the urban rehabilitation of the “Mostra d’Oltremare” area and of its cultural and architectural assets in Naples, Italy, highlights the practical application of the proposed criteria and the possibility of using these criteria in other urban contexts.

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“…Alternatively, agencies can treat whole corridors proactively rather than simply addressing hot spots along corridors. Both the Seattle Department of Transportation’s (SDOT’s) safety performance function (SPF)-based screening approach ( 3 ) and San Francisco’s High Injury Network approach ( 4 ), for example, demonstrate proactive programs at the city level to identify and treat intersections on a corridor basis. These methods are intuitive and take advantage of homogeneity along corridors to address locations with and without a specific crash history.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…To develop the risk-based systemic methodology presented in NCHRP Report 893: Systemic Pedestrian Safety Analysis guidebook ( 3 ), and in this paper, we used segment-related data for the entire street network of Seattle, WA. We modeled two different types of relatively severe pedestrian crashes: collisions between motor vehicles traveling straight through and striking pedestrians at segment locations, and collisions at night between motor vehicles performing any maneuver (straight, turning, backing) and pedestrians at segment locations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Midblock Pedestrian Crash Predictions in a Systemic, Risk-Based Pedestrian Safety Process

Kumfer

Thomas

Sandt

et al. 2019

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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Although pedestrian fatalities and injuries in the United States decreased for decades at a rate similar to vehicule occupant fatalities, recent years have seen substantial increases in the pedestrian fatality counts and rate. Most concerning is that the growth in pedestrian fatalities seems to be outstripping any gains in safety. There may be many contributing factors to these increases, including changes in population dynamics, vehicular design, and travel trends, but under more traditional, crash-focused roadway safety management practices, systemic risk patterns are difficult to discern and address. Moreover, locations of risk for pedestrians may be overlooked because important, network-level data types are not collected or analyzed, and pedestrian crashes are often relatively infrequent at specific locations. This paper presents the results of efforts to develop the data profile and analysis methods for a risk-based, systemic pedestrian safety approach. Using 8 years of segment data from the entire street network of the city of Seattle, the research team developed safety performance functions for two types of collision between motor vehicles and pedestrians. These predictive models were used, in conjunction with identified risk factors and countermeasures effectiveness data, to develop a systemic screening tool to identify sites that may benefit from treatment. The end goal of this research is a framework that allows practitioners to identify and prioritize locations within a jurisdiction that are risky for pedestrians and to identify and implement effective, appropriate treatments at many such locations.

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Systemic Pedestrian Safety Analysis

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Bicyclist Crash Types on National, State, and Local Levels: A New Look

Bicyclist Crash Types on National, State, and Local Levels: A New Look

Sustainable Complete Streets Design Criteria and Case Study in Naples, Italy

Midblock Pedestrian Crash Predictions in a Systemic, Risk-Based Pedestrian Safety Process

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