Systemic Transplantation of Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells Promotes Axonal Regeneration and Analgesia in a Model of Wallerian Degeneration

Abstract

These data demonstrate the efficiency of BMMC, systemically and noninvasively transplanted, in correcting morphological, functional and behavioral alterations resulting from peripheral nerve injury.

Sciatic nerve regeneration after traumatic injury using magnetic targeted adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells

“…Working with systemically transplanted bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC), a heterogeneous fraction including mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), our group demonstrated beneficial effects on sciatic nerve regeneration, together with prevention of hyperalgesia in a Wallerian degeneration (WD) model. [4,5] MSC are adult stem cells, originally described only in bone marrow, which possess self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation potential. They were popularized in 1991 by Arnold Caplan, who reported their ability to give rise to bone and cartilage.…”

IMT504 blocks allodynia in rats with spared nerve injury by promoting the migration of mesenchymal stem cells and by favoring an anti-inflammatory milieu at the injured nerve

“…An additional major pitfall is the need of lengthy and strict aseptic processes involving sample acquisition, culturing, expansion, and maintenance to obtain enough cells to be administered. 1,59 Therefore, strategies promoting endogenous MSCs mobilization seem more desirable from a therapeutic stand point. 39 Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article.…”

Cell therapy for neuropathic pain

“…Lee et al (2016) found that VEGF-expressing neural stem cells could enhance cell viability under hypoxic conditions and facilitate remyelination of injured sciatic nerves. Transplanted bone marrow mononuclear cells could migrate to the damaged site and promote neovascularization and tissue repair, electromyogram compound muscle action potential (CMPA) verified the presence of regenerated axons (Usach et al, 2017).…”

“…Takamura et al (2020) found that intrathecal injection of BMMCs attenuated NP in a mice model of spinal nerve transection (SNT). Animal experiments by Klass et al (2007) and Usach et al (2017) exhibited that intravenous injection of BMMCs could relieve NP caused by sciatic nerve crush or constriction. In addition to suppressing microglial migration and inflammation associated with nerve injury, a range of angiogenic ligands (basic fibroblast growth factor, angiopoietin-1, VEGF) and cytokines (IL-1b, TNF-a) were secreted by BMMCs to promote local neovascularization and tissue repair (Naruse et al, 2011).…”

“…Wu et al (2020) marked the transplanted BM-MSCs with GFP and showed that the cells successfully migrated to the injured segment of spinal cord. In addition to intrathecal injection, intravenously transplanted cells (Siniscalco et al, 2011;Li et al, 2017;Usach et al, 2017) also showed directional migration to the damaged site. Chen et al (2015) found that BM-MSCs that migrated to the border of the dorsal root ganglia survived for more than 2 months, providing sustained pain relief in mice model induced by sciatic nerve contraction.…”