T cell activation profiles can distinguish gram negative/positive bacterial sepsis and are associated with ICU discharge

Huang, Canxia; Xiong, Hui; Li, Weichao; Lü, Peng; Zheng, Yan; Liao, Wenhua; Zhou, Mi; Xu, Ying

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.1058606

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In addition to analyzing the hub genes, we also analyzed the common indicators of clinical patients. One study found that the total bilirubin content of Gram-negative bacteria (22.5 µ mol/L) in infected patients was higher than that of Gram-positive bacteria (13.8 µ mol/L) [45]. This was also similar to our finding.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Escherichia coli Infection Sepsis: An Analysis of Specifically Expressed Genes and Clinical Indicators

Shao,

Chen,

Chen

et al. 2023

Diagnostics

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Since E. coli is the most prevalent sepsis bacterium, studying its pathogenic molecular pathways may help with its early diagnosis and individualized treatment. However, few studies have investigated the molecular characterization of E. coli infection only. We extracted E. coli infection-specific genes and indicators from published data and clinical laboratory results in this study. GSE65088 showed 277, 377, and 408 DEGs for E. coli and other bacteria, E. coli and healthy groups, and other bacteria and healthy groups, respectively. DEGs, the MEgreen module with the highest relevance in WGCNA, and the first three MCODE subnetworks were used to find E. coli infection-specific hub genes. HSPA1B and TNF were verified in GSE6269 with ROC-AUCs of 0.7038 and 0.7116, respectively. CIBERSORT showed increased B-cell naive and T-cell CD4 naive infiltration in E. coli infectious sepsis. Patients infected with E. coli were younger than those infected with other pathogens. Compared to the other bacterially infectious sepsis patients, the E. coli patients had low globulin, prealbumin, creatine kinase, and high bilirubin levels. The clinically significant difference indicator IL-2, in combination with hub genes, better differentiated the healthy and E. coli groups, with an ROC-AUC of 0.8793. The study suggested that HSPA1B and TNF may be E.-coli-infection-specific genes, which may help explain the molecular mechanism of infectious sepsis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Escherichia coli Infection Sepsis: An Analysis of Specifically Expressed Genes and Clinical Indicators

Shao,

Chen,

Chen

et al. 2023

Diagnostics

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“…23 Decrease of HLA-DR lead to diminished antigen presentation and reduced adaptive immune activation, leading to immunosuppression and poor outcome. [23][24][25] NK cells were discovered in the early 1970s as a group of cytotoxic lymphocytes that regulate both innate and adaptive immunity. 26,27 Some studies have reported the beneficial effects of NK cells in sepsis, and inhibition of these effects…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The median age of the patients was 64 (52, 75) years, and 322 (32.9%) were female. The median SOFA score was 9 (6,12) and the median APACHE II score was 19 (14,25). The numbers of lymphocytes, monocytes, natural killer cells, HLA-DR, total T cells, CD4+T cells, and CD8+T cells were lower in non-survivors than in survivors (P < 0.001).…”

Section: Baseline Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Combination of NK and Other Immune Markers at Early Phase Stratify the Risk of Sepsis Patients: A Retrospective Study

Hu,

Dong,

Peng

et al. 2023

JIR

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Purpose Immune dysfunction plays a pivotal role in sepsis pathogenesis. Previous studies have revealed the crucial role of T cells and human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) in sepsis. However, the function of natural killer (NK) cells remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether NK cells are associated with sepsis prognosis. In addition, we aimed to explore the interrelation and influence between NK and other immunological features in patients with sepsis. Patients and Methods This retrospective, observational study included patients with sepsis from two hospitals in mainland China. The clinical characteristics and immune results during the early phase were collected. Patients were classified according to the level of immune cells to analyze the relationship between immunological features and 28-day mortality. Results A total of 984 patients were included in this study. Non-survivors were older and had lower levels of lymphocytes, monocytes, NK cells, HLA-DR, and T cells. Patients were classified into eight groups according to their levels of NK cells, HLA-DR, and T cells. Only patients with decreased NK and T cell counts showed a significant increase in 28-day mortality. An increase in CD8+ T cells was correlated with the alleviation of 28-day mortality only among patients with high NK cell levels. Conclusion This study provides novel insights into the association between NK cells and 28-day mortality as well as the interrelation between NK cells and other immune cells in sepsis. The relationship between CD8+ T cells and 28-day mortality in sepsis is dependent on NK cell count.

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Prognostic differences in sepsis caused by gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Tang,

Shi,

Dong

et al. 2023

Crit Care

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Background Bacteria are the main pathogens that cause sepsis. The pathogenic mechanisms of sepsis caused by gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria are completely different, and their prognostic differences in sepsis remain unclear. Methods The PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases were searched for Chinese and English studies (January 2003 to September 2023). Observational studies involving gram-negative (G (−))/gram-positive (G (+)) bacterial infection and the prognosis of sepsis were included. The stability of the results was evaluated by sensitivity analysis. Funnel plots and Egger tests were used to check whether there was publication bias. A meta-regression analysis was conducted on the results with high heterogeneity to identify the source of heterogeneity. A total of 6949 articles were retrieved from the database, and 45 studies involving 5586 subjects were included after screening according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Twenty-seven high-quality studies and 18 moderate-quality studies were identified according to the Newcastle‒Ottawa Scale score. There was no significant difference in the survival rate of sepsis caused by G (−) bacteria and G (+) bacteria (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.70–1.28). Subgroup analysis according to survival follow-up time showed no significant difference. The serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) (SMD = 0.39, 95% CI 0.02–0.76), procalcitonin (SMD = 1.95, 95% CI 1.32–2.59) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) (MD = 0.31, 95% CI 0.25–0.38) in the G (−) bacterial infection group were significantly higher than those in the G (+) bacterial infection group, but there was no significant difference in IL-6 (SMD = 1.33, 95% CI − 0.18–2.84) and WBC count (MD = − 0.15, 95% CI − 0.96–00.66). There were no significant differences between G (−) and G (+) bacteria in D dimer level, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, international normalized ratio, platelet count, length of stay or length of ICU stay. Sensitivity analysis of the above results indicated that the results were stable. Conclusion The incidence of severe sepsis and the concentrations of inflammatory factors (CRP, PCT, TNF-α) in sepsis caused by G (−) bacteria were higher than those caused by G (+) bacteria. The two groups had no significant difference in survival rate, coagulation function, or hospital stay. The study was registered with PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42023465051).

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T cell activation profiles can distinguish gram negative/positive bacterial sepsis and are associated with ICU discharge

Cited by 4 publications

References 44 publications

Escherichia coli Infection Sepsis: An Analysis of Specifically Expressed Genes and Clinical Indicators

Escherichia coli Infection Sepsis: An Analysis of Specifically Expressed Genes and Clinical Indicators

Combination of NK and Other Immune Markers at Early Phase Stratify the Risk of Sepsis Patients: A Retrospective Study

Prognostic differences in sepsis caused by gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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