T Cell Metabolism in Infection

Wik, Jonas Aakre; Skålhegg, Bjørn Steen

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.840610

Cited by 79 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 191 publications

(246 reference statements)

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“…When IAV infection occurs, monocytes and macrophages in the body accumulate in lung tissue and are activated; a large amount of IL-18 is matured and released outside the cells [ 56 , 57 ]. IL-18 can induce the production of IFN- γ by immune cells, activate NK cells, stimulate T cell proliferation, enhance the cytotoxic effect of lymphocytes, and induce the production of IFN- γ , IL-2, GM-CSF, and other cytokines by Th1 cells, leading to inflammation [ 58 – 62 ]. In our study, we also found that those three proinflammatory cytokines were dramatically elevated after IAV challenge.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Total Flavonoids from Mosla scabra against Influenza A Virus-Induced Pneumonia by Integrating Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification

Cai

Zhang

2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Influenza virus is one of the most common infectious pathogens that could cause high morbidity and mortality in humans. However, the occurrence of drug resistance and serious complications extremely complicated the clinic therapy. Mosla scabra is a natural medicinal plant used for treating various lung and gastrointestinal diseases, including viral infection, cough, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute gastroenteritis, and diarrhoea. But the therapeutic effects of this herbal medicine had not been expounded clearly. In this study, a network pharmacology approach was employed to investigate the protective mechanism of total flavonoids from M. scabra (MSTF) against influenza A virus- (IAV-) induced acute lung damage and inflammation. The active compounds of MSTF were analyzed by LC-MS/MS and then evaluated according to their oral bioavailability and drug-likeness index. The potential targets of each active compound in MSTF were identified by using PharmMapper Server, whereas the potential genes involved in IAV infection were obtained from GeneGards. The results showed that luteoloside, apigenin, kaempherol, luteolin, mosloflavone I, and mosloflavone II were the main bioactive compounds found in MSTF. Primarily, 23 genes were identified as the targets of those five active compounds, which contributed to the inactivation of chemical carcinogenesis ROS, lipid and atherosclerosis, MAPK signaling pathway, pathways in cancer, PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, proteoglycans in cancer, and viral carcinogenesis. Finally, the animal experiments validated that MSTF improved IAV-induced acute lung inflammation via inhibiting MAPK, PI3K-AKT, and oxidant stress pathways. Therefore, our study demonstrated the potential inhibition of MSTF on viral pneumonia in mice and provided a strategy to characterize the molecular mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine by a combinative method using network pharmacology and experimental validation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Total Flavonoids from Mosla scabra against Influenza A Virus-Induced Pneumonia by Integrating Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification

Cai

Zhang

2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…After maturing at the primary site, T cells are transported to secondary immune organs, such as lymph nodes, spleen, appendix, tonsils, and adenoids, where T cells activate and differentiate into subpopulations of cells that perform immune functions (28). T lymphocytes can be divided functionally into two main subsets: CD4 + T helper cells (Th) and CD8 + cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) (29). CD4 + T cells are indirectly involved in the clearance of infections by regulating the activity of other immune cells such as macrophages, neutrophils, B cells and CTL.…”

Section: Acquired Immune System: T Cell Implicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutaminolysis and CD4+ T-cell metabolism in autoimmunity: From pathogenesis to therapy prospects

Feng

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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The recent increase in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases revealed the critical role of T cells. Investigation into immunometabolism has drawn attention to metabolic processes other than glycometabolism. In rapidly dividing immune cells, including T lymphocytes, the consumption of glutamine is similar to or higher than that of glucose even though glucose is abundant. In addition to contributing to many processes critical for cellular integrity and function, glutamine, as the most abundant amino acid, was recently regarded as an immunomodulatory nutrient. A better understanding of the biological regulation of glutaminolysis in T cells will provide a new perspective for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge of glutamine catabolism in CD4+ T-cell subsets of autoimmunity. We also focused on potential treatments targeting glutaminolysis in patients with autoimmune diseases. Knowledge of immunometabolism is constantly evolving, and glutamine metabolism may be a potential therapeutic target for autoimmune disease therapy.

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“…TCR-CD3 is expressed on the surface of all T lymphocytes [ 18 ]. CD4 or CD8 are expressed on the surface of mature T cells and are divided into CD4+ T cells or CD8+ T cells [ 19 ]. Treg cells are a specific lineage of CD4+ T cells, which participate in maintaining immune homeostasis and restricting excessive immune responses, inhibiting the activation of primary T cells [ 12 , 20 ].…”

Section: Mechanism Of Inflammatory Response and T Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in T Cells Based on Inflammation in Metabolic Diseases

Zhang

et al. 2022

Cells

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With the increasing incidence of metabolic diseases year by year and their impact on the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases have attracted great attention as a major health care problem, but there is still no effective treatment. Oxidative stress and inflammation are the main mechanisms leading to metabolic diseases. T cells are involved in the inflammatory response, which can also regulate the development of metabolic diseases, CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells are mainly responsible for the role. Th1 and Th17 differentiated from CD4+ T promote inflammation, while Th2 and Treg inhibit inflammation. CD8+ T cells also contribute to inflammation. The severity and duration of inflammatory reactions can also lead to different degrees of progression of metabolic diseases. Moreover, mTOR, PI3K-Akt, and AMPK signaling pathways play unique roles in the regulation of T cells, which provide a new direction for the treatment of metabolic diseases in the future. In this review, we will elaborate on the role of T cells in regulating inflammation in various metabolic diseases, the signaling pathways that regulate T cells in metabolic diseases, and the latest research progress.

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T Cell Metabolism in Infection

Cited by 79 publications

References 191 publications

Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Total Flavonoids from Mosla scabra against Influenza A Virus-Induced Pneumonia by Integrating Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification

Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Total Flavonoids from Mosla scabra against Influenza A Virus-Induced Pneumonia by Integrating Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification

Glutaminolysis and CD4+ T-cell metabolism in autoimmunity: From pathogenesis to therapy prospects

Advances in T Cells Based on Inflammation in Metabolic Diseases

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