T-cell responses induced by ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine to wild-type severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 among people with and without HIV in South Africa

McMahon, William C.; Kwatra, Gaurav; Izu, Alane; Koen, Anthonet; Greffrath, Johann; Fairlie, Lee; Patel, Faeezah; Mukendi, Christian K.; Mbele, Nkululeko J.; Lala, Rushil; Burgers, Wendy A.; Nunes, Marta C; Cutland, Clare; Gilbert, Sarah C.; Lambe, Teresa; Pollard, Andrew J.; Madhi, Shabir А.

doi:10.1097/qad.0000000000003414

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…T-cell responses directed at the FLS and N proteins of WT SARS-CoV-2 one-month post infection showed a modest correlation with each other, and were also similar between pregnant and postpartum women living with and without HIV. Our ndings of similar T-cell responses irrespective of HIV infection status, corroborate the observations in a previous study from our group in similarly healthy African adults on ART who received the ChAdOX1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine [33]. Other studies have similarly indicated that the SARS-CoV-2-speci c CD4 + T-cell response magnitude outnumbers the CD8 + T-cell response magnitude [29,34].…”

Section: T-cell Cross-reactivity To Omicronsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…A total of 24 HIV-uninfected women (n = 12 pregnant, n = 12 postpartum) and 15 WLWH (n = 5 pregnant n = 5 postpartum, n = 5 not pregnant) were recruited with a median age of 30 years (IQR: [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] and 34 years (IQR: 29-40; p = 0.035), respectively. Most of the participants (56.4%, 22/39) had been infected with the Beta variant (B.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Enrolled Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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T-cell responses to ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and Omicron variant among unvaccinated pregnant and postpartum women living with and without HIV in South Africa

McMahon,

Kwatra,

Izu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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SARS-CoV-2 cell-mediated immunity remains understudied during pregnancy in unvaccinated black African women living with HIV (WLWH) from low- and middle-income countries. We investigated SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses one-month post infection in 24 HIV-uninfected women and 15 WLWH at any stage during pregnancy or postpartum. The full-length spike (FLS) glycoprotein and nucleocapsid (N) protein of wild-type (WT) SARS-CoV-2, as well as mutated spike protein regions found in the Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) were targeted by flow cytometry. WT-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells elicited similar FLS- and N-specific responses in HIV-uninfected women and WLWH. SARS-CoV-2-specific T-lymphocytes were TNF-α monofunctional in pregnant and postpartum women living with and without HIV, with fever cells producing either IFN-γ or IL-2. Furthermore, T-cell responses were unaffected by Omicron-specific spike mutations since similar responses between Omicron and the ancestral virus were detected for CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Our results collectively demonstrate comparable T-cell responses between WLWH on antiretroviral therapy and HIV-uninfected pregnant and postpartum women who were naïve to Covid-19 vaccination. Additionally, we show that T cells from women infected with the ancestral virus, Beta variant (B.1.351), or Delta variant (B.1.617.2) can cross-recognize Omicron, which may suggest an overall preservation of T-cell immunity. MAIN TEXT

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Section: T-cell Cross-reactivity To Omicronsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Characteristics Of Enrolled Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

T-cell responses to ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and Omicron variant among unvaccinated pregnant and postpartum women living with and without HIV in South Africa

McMahon,

Kwatra,

Izu

et al. 2023

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In Phase I/II and II/III clinical trials, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 was tolerated, humoral and cellular immune responses were observed in most volunteers, comparable T-cell responses were induced in HIV-infected individuals. [277][278][279] Antibody and protective efficacy lasted at least 3 months. The overall efficacy of two-dose vaccinations was 70.4%.…”

Section: Adenovirus Vectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral vectored vaccines: design, development, preventive and therapeutic applications in human diseases

Wang

Liang

Wang

et al. 2023

Sig Transduct Target Ther

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Human diseases, particularly infectious diseases and cancers, pose unprecedented challenges to public health security and the global economy. The development and distribution of novel prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines are the prioritized countermeasures of human disease. Among all vaccine platforms, viral vector vaccines offer distinguished advantages and represent prominent choices for pathogens that have hampered control efforts based on conventional vaccine approaches. Currently, viral vector vaccines remain one of the best strategies for induction of robust humoral and cellular immunity against human diseases. Numerous viruses of different families and origins, including vesicular stomatitis virus, rabies virus, parainfluenza virus, measles virus, Newcastle disease virus, influenza virus, adenovirus and poxvirus, are deemed to be prominent viral vectors that differ in structural characteristics, design strategy, antigen presentation capability, immunogenicity and protective efficacy. This review summarized the overall profile of the design strategies, progress in advance and steps taken to address barriers to the deployment of these viral vector vaccines, simultaneously highlighting their potential for mucosal delivery, therapeutic application in cancer as well as other key aspects concerning the rational application of these viral vector vaccines. Appropriate and accurate technological advances in viral vector vaccines would consolidate their position as a leading approach to accelerate breakthroughs in novel vaccines and facilitate a rapid response to public health emergencies.

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Mucosal vaccines for viral diseases: Status and prospects

Ma,

Tao,

et al. 2024

Virology

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T-cell responses induced by ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine to wild-type severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 among people with and without HIV in South Africa

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

T-cell responses to ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and Omicron variant among unvaccinated pregnant and postpartum women living with and without HIV in South Africa

T-cell responses to ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and Omicron variant among unvaccinated pregnant and postpartum women living with and without HIV in South Africa

Viral vectored vaccines: design, development, preventive and therapeutic applications in human diseases

Mucosal vaccines for viral diseases: Status and prospects

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