Background: During the last decade, a number of studies have evaluated the potential association between some genetic polymorphisms and childhood asthma risk, however, the results of published studies appeared conflicts. The aim of the present study was to investigate association between genetic polymorphisms and pediatric asthma. Methods: Relevant studies were searched in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), Wanfang and Weipu database. Pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to access the strength of the associations. Results: 45 case-control studies were finally included in this meta-analysis. Eighteen SNPs were identified. Ten polymorphisms were found to be associated with asthma risk: IL-13 +2044G/A, IL-4 -590C/T, ADAM33 F+1, ADAM33 T2, ADAM33 T1, ADAM33 ST+4, ORMDL3 rs7216389, VDR ApaⅠ, VDR FokⅠ, VDR BsmⅠ. After subgroup analysis, IL-13 +2044G/A, ADAM33 T2, ADAM33 T1, VDR ApaⅠ, VDR BsmⅠ polymorphisms were associated with increased risk of asthma among Asian populations. IL-4 -590C/T polymorphisms may be related to asthma risk in Chinese children.Conclusions: This meta-analysis found that IL-13 +2044G/A, IL-4 -590C/T, ADAM33 F+1, ADAM33 T2, ADAM33 T1, ADAM33 ST+4, ORMDL3 rs7216389, VDR ApaⅠ, VDR FokⅠ and VDR BsmⅠ polymorphisms might be risk factors for childhood asthma. Further study with large population and more ethnicities is needed to estimate the associations.