Tackling Child Malnutrition by Strengthening the Linkage Between Agricultural Production, Food Security, and Nutrition in Rural Rwanda

Sekiyama, Makiko; Matsuda, Hirotaka; Mohan, Geetha; Yanagisawa, Ayumi; Sudo, Noriko; Amitani, Yukiko; Caballero, Yuko; Matsuoka, Takuya; Imanishi, Hiroaki; Sasaki, Takayo

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-5358-5_1

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Despite its persistence, the declining trend of moderate and severe stunting observed in the study can be attributed to strategies such as the implementation of the First Community‐Based Food and Nutrition Programs, the one‐cow‐per‐poor family Programme ( Girinka ) initiative (MINAGRI, 2006), childhood development program (NECDP, 2017) and increased agricultural and livestock production (MINAGRI, 2020). On the other hand, Sekiyama et al (2020) suggested that the observed persistent moderate and severe stunting in Western and Northern provinces may be due to an over‐reliance on starchy foods with a limited diversity of diet. This suggests the need for nutrition‐specific interventions in combination with health education and the empowerment of women (Vir, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding factors associated with rural‐urban disparities of stunting among under‐five children in Rwanda: A decomposition analysis approach

Kalinda

Phiri

Simona

et al. 2023

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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Childhood stunting in its moderate and severe forms is a major global problem and an important indicator of child health. Rwanda has made progress in reducing the prevalence of stunting. However, the burden of stunting and its geographical disparities have precipitated the need to investigate its spatial clusters and attributable factors. Here, we assessed the determinants of under-5 stunting and mapped its prevalence to identify areas where interventions can be directed. Using three combined rounds of the nationally representative Rwanda Demographic and Health Surveys of 2010, 2015 and 2020, we employed the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition analysis and the hotspot and cluster analyses to quantify the contributions of key determinants of stunting. Overall, there was a 7.9% and 10.3% points reduction in moderate stunting among urban and rural areas, respectively, and a 2.8% and 8.3% points reduction in severe stunting in urban and rural areas, respectively. Child age, wealth index, maternal education and the number of antenatal care visits were key determinants for the reduction of moderate and severe stunting. Over time, persistent statistically significant hotspots for moderate and severe stunting were observed in Northern and Western parts of the country.There is a need for an adaptive scaling approach when implementing national nutritional interventions by targeting high-burden regions. Stunting hotspots in Western and Northern provinces underscore the need for coordinated subnational initiatives and strategies such as empowering the rural poor, enhancing antenatal health care, and improving maternal health and education levels to sustain the gains made in reducing childhood stunting.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding factors associated with rural‐urban disparities of stunting among under‐five children in Rwanda: A decomposition analysis approach

Kalinda

Phiri

Simona

et al. 2023

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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“…It is a landlocked country in East Africa, 3°-1° S and 28.75°-31° E, that shares borders with Uganda to the north, Tanzania to the east, Burundi to the south, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) to the west (Figure 1), and boasts a landscape that includes vast hills, plateaus, and the scenic Congo Nile basin along Lake Kivu [25]. With elevations ranging from 900 to 4507 m, Rwanda's geography shifts from low-lying eastern regions to hillier central and southern areas, where altitudes commonly span between 1500 to 2000 m. The country covers an area of approximately 26,338 km 2 and is home to a population exceeding 12 million people, a majority of whom depend on agriculture as their primary means of livelihood [26]. Rwanda experiences four primary climatic seasons: two rainy seasons from March to May and September to December, and two dry seasons from June to August and January to February [27].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Historical Trends and Variability of Rainfall Patterns during the March–May Season in Rwanda

Uwizewe,

Jianping,

Habumugisha

et al. 2024

Atmosphere

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This study explores the spatiotemporal variability and determinants of rainfall patterns during the March to May (MAM) season in Rwanda, incorporating an analysis of teleconnections with oceanic–atmospheric indices over the period 1983–2021. Utilizing the Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Stations (CHIRPS) dataset, the study employs a set of statistical tools including standardized anomalies, empirical orthogonal functions (EOF), Pearson correlation, the Mann–Kendall (MK) trend test, and Sen’s slope estimator to dissect the intricacies of rainfall variability, trends, and their association with large-scale climatic drivers. The findings reveal a distinct southwest to northwest rainfall gradient across Rwanda, with the MK test signaling a decline in annual precipitation, particularly in the southwest. The analysis for the MAM season reveals a general downtrend in rainfall, attributed in part to teleconnections with the Indian Ocean Sea surface temperatures (SSTs). Notably, the leading EOF mode for MAM rainfall demonstrates a unimodal pattern, explaining a significant 51.19% of total variance, and underscoring the pivotal role of atmospheric dynamics and moisture conveyance in shaping seasonal rainfall. The spatial correlation analysis suggests a modest linkage between MAM rainfall and the Indian Ocean Dipole, indicating that negative (positive) phases are likely to result in anomalously wet (dry) conditions in Rwanda. This comprehensive assessment highlights the intricate interplay between local rainfall patterns and global climatic phenomena, offering valuable insights into the meteorological underpinnings of rainfall variability during Rwanda’s critical MAM season.

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Seasonal influence of tuberculosis diagnosis in Rwanda

et al. 2021

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Background Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health concern. Previous research reveals that TB may have a seasonal peak during the spring and summer seasons in temperate climates; however, few studies have been conducted in tropical climates. This study evaluates the influence of seasonality on laboratory-confirmed TB diagnosis in Rwanda, a tropical country with two rainy and two dry seasons. Methods A retrospective chart review was performed at the University Teaching Hospital-Kigali (CHUK). From January 2016 to December 2017, 2717 CHUK patients with TB laboratory data were included. Data abstracted included patient demographics, season, HIV status, and TB laboratory results (microscopy, GeneXpert, culture). Univariate and multivariable logistic regression (adjusted for age, gender, and HIV status) analyses were performed to assess the association between season and laboratory-confirmed TB diagnoses. Results Patients presenting during rainy season periods had a lower odds of laboratory-confirmed TB diagnosis compared to the dry season (aOR=0.78, 95% CI 0.63–0.97, p=0.026) when controlling for age group, gender, and HIV status. Males, adults, and people living with HIV were more likely to have laboratory-confirmed TB diagnosis. On average, more people were tested for TB during the rainy season per month compared to the dry season (120.3 vs. 103.3), although this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion In Rwanda, laboratory-confirmed TB case detection shows a seasonal variation with patients having higher odds of TB diagnosis occurring in the dry season. Further research is required to further elucidate this relationship and to delineate the mechanism of season influence on TB diagnosis.

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Tackling Child Malnutrition by Strengthening the Linkage Between Agricultural Production, Food Security, and Nutrition in Rural Rwanda

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Understanding factors associated with rural‐urban disparities of stunting among under‐five children in Rwanda: A decomposition analysis approach

Understanding factors associated with rural‐urban disparities of stunting among under‐five children in Rwanda: A decomposition analysis approach

Investigation of the Historical Trends and Variability of Rainfall Patterns during the March–May Season in Rwanda

Seasonal influence of tuberculosis diagnosis in Rwanda

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