Tall cell carcinoma with reversed polarity: case report with gene sequencing and literature review

Chang

J of Clinical Ultrasound

et al. 2022

Tall cell carcinoma with reversed polarity (TCCRP) of breast is a rare subtype of breast cancer, which show tall and columnar cells with nuclei of reversed polarity, resembles tall cell variant in papillary thyroid cancer. Only 78 cases in 20 published studies had been reported by 2021. TCCRP was recently included as a separate subgroup of rare tumors in the World Health Organization Blue Book Classification of breast tumors (5th edition). We describe a TCCRP case in a 64‐year‐old woman with detailed radiologic features including quantitative ultrasonography.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tall cell carcinoma with reversed polarity of breast: Sonographic and magnetic resonance imaging findings

Chang

J of Clinical Ultrasound

et al. 2022

Applied Immunohistochemistry &Amp; Molecular Morphology

“…7,17 The distribution of IDH2 mutation types in a total of 60 TCCRP cases with sequencing analyses for the IDH2 gene reported thus far are summarized in Table 3. 4,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] IDH2 mutation was detected in 90% of the cases (54/60), and the mutational regions were limited to codon 172. Five subtypes of IDH2 R172 mutation [R172S, R172T, R172G, R172W, and R172I (in descending order)] have been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Diagnostic Utility of IDH2 R172 Immunohistochemistry in Tall Cell Carcinoma With Reversed Polarity of the Breast

Sasaki

Iwakoshi

Satake

et al. 2022

Tall cell carcinoma with reversed polarity (TCCRP) is a rare histologic type of low-grade breast cancer, consisting of tall columnar cells with reversed nuclear polarity and characterized by frequent IDH2 mutations. We herein report 3 cases of TCCRP with sequencing analyses of the IDH2 gene and immunohistochemical examination using monoclonal antibodies (11C8B1) against IDH2 R172. IDH2 R172 mutations were detected in all 3 resected tumors (R172S in 2 tumors and R172T in 1 tumor), and the presence of these mutations was confirmed by IDH2 R172 immunohistochemistry. Tumor cells of TCCRP showed strong and diffuse staining for the antibody against IDH2 R172. In 1 case, tumor tissue from 2 core needle biopsy samples collected on different days were also immunohistochemically positive for IDH2 R172. These results indicate that IDH2 R172 immunohistochemistry is suitable for the detection of TCCRP in both resection and biopsy samples. In addition, a literature review revealed that R172S and R172T account for 76% of IDH2 mutations in TCCRP, suggesting that 11C8B1, which reacts with R172S and R172T, was likely most sensitive for IDH2-mutated TCCRP among many available antibodies for IDH2 R172. Furthermore, the combination of 2 or more antibodies against IDH2 R172 could be more effective for detecting TCCRP mutation. However, it is important to note that IDH2 R172 immunohistochemistry is not absolute, because IDH2 wild type is found in a small proportion (10%) of cases, and a few cases of IDH2-mutated TCCRP may harbor rare subtypes of R172 that are not covered by available antibodies.

“…From the above results, we could conclude that different molecular types, pathological types and noncarcinoma tissues mainly had in ltrating differences in macrophages. Some recent bioinformatic analysis indicated that para-cancer tissues also had genetic mutations at the initial phase or development stage [19,20]. Thus, we further compared the corresponding para-cancer with cancer tissues.…”

Section: Immunopro Les Between Para-cancer and Cancer Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoprofiling in Breast Cancer Microenvironment with Multiplexed Immunofluorescence

Yang

Dong

et al. 2022

Preprint

Background The immunoprofiles in tumor microenvironment (TME) has established impacts on the tumorigenesis, metastasis, therapy sensitivity and prognosis in various solid tumors, including breast cancer. Regulation of local immune cell homeostasis is considered as a promising strategy for breast cancer therapy. Aim Comprehensively investigate the landscape of tumor-infiltrated immune cells in breast cancer and benign tissues, and provide novel evidence for potential immunotherapy strategies. Method A total of 140 pairs of breast cancer and benign tissues were collected and sectioned. The multiplexed immunofluorescence was applied to simultaneously analyze the immunoprofiles in breast cancer TME. Images were captured by AKOYA-Vectra 3 and analyzed with InForm 2.1 software. Results Comparing the general benign with malignant samples, the mean percentages of T cells (17.03% vs 14.85%, p=0.2329), B cells (6.406% vs 3.763%, p=0.0189), and macrophages (17.06% vs 27.1%, p=0.008) showed dramatic difference. In addition, we compared segmental areas, para-cancer with cancer tissues, different pathological and molecular types, and found that the main difference was the proportion of macrophages, especially the M2 subtype. Conclusion Macrophages and M2 subtype were the iconic differentiated infiltrating immune cells in breast cancer, especially related with the malignancy, clinic stages and tumorigenesis, which was the promising target in cancer therapy.