Tandem mass spectrometry of polyglycols

Lattimer, Robert P.; Münster, H.; Budzikiewicz, H.

doi:10.1016/0168-1176(89)85002-5

Cited by 56 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…For polymer fragmentation in general and for PEG ionized with sodium in particular, usually a charge-remote mechanism is assumed as ionization of the chains happens in general via the attachment of an ion. [10] Interestingly, the hereby proposed 1,5 hydrogen-transfers occur as charge-remote mechanisms in accordance with the following observation.…”

Section: Tosylated Mpegsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…The authors presented the different stability of proton and sodium ion adducts and the following consequences for high and low energy collision processes as well as the fragmentation mechanisms. [10,11] Equally, PEG 1000 was investigated by sustained-offresonance-induction (SORI)-CID-Fourier transform (FT)-MS measurements and fragments with very high mass resolution were obtained and could be assigned. [12] Different mono-and disubstituted PEGs in the range of m/z 500 were investigated by the group of Williams et al by using desorption electrospray ionization (DESI).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic MALDI‐TOF CID Investigation on Different Substituted mPEG 2000

Knop

Jahn

Hager

et al. 2010

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) 2000 (mPEG 2000) samples were substituted via esterification reactions to convert the hydroxyl end group of the mPEG into potential initiators for the cationic ring opening polymerization of 2‐oxazolines. These substitution products were investigated by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS); in addition, detailed MALDI‐TOF/TOF‐collision induced dissociation (CID) MS studies were performed to introduce this method as complementary structural characterization tool allowing the detailed analysis of the prepared macromolecules. The CID of the macroinitiators revealed 1,4‐hydrogen and 1,4‐ethylene eliminations forming very regular fragmentation patterns which showed, depending on the end groups, different fragmentation series. Furthermore, very pronounced McLafferty + 1 rearrangements (1,5 hydrogen‐transfer) of the introduced ester end groups were observed leaving the mPEG molecule as neutral acid. This incisive loss revealed the exact molar mass for each end group and, therefore, represents an important tool for end group determination of functionalized polymers.magnified image

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Section: Tosylated Mpegsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic MALDI‐TOF CID Investigation on Different Substituted mPEG 2000

Knop

Jahn

Hager

et al. 2010

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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“…Product ion spectra have also been obtained from selected precursor ions in the MALDI, or electrospray ionisation (ESI) mass spectrum of these materials, using collision-induced dissociation (CID) with the results interpreted to give valuable structural information [10][11][12][13]. EO/PO copolymer systems have been studied using these, and similar, approaches [14] and characteristic fragmentation mechanisms of polyethers have been outlined [14][15][16][17][18]. Polyether copolymers have also recently been studied by a combination of Fourier-transform mass spectrometry (FTMS) and electron capture dissociation (ECD) [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural and conformational studies of polyether copolymers

Jackson

Scrivens

Williams

et al. 2004

International Journal of Mass Spectrometry

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“…Our previous study was focused on alcohol ethoxylates whose end-groups are linked to polyglycol chains via ether-type C™O bonds (i.e., polyglycol ethers). The results generated therein were compared to earlier studies of the same type of polyglycols employing fast atom bombardment (FAB) MS/MS by Latimer and coworkers [22][23][24][25].Poly(ethylene glycol) ester, especially fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate (FAMEE), is another class of polyglycol which can be used as an alternative to alcohol ethoxylates in many industrial applications. With varying alkyl chain lengths in the fatty acid moiety, a wide range of hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) values can be achieved to suit different applications [14].…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of poly(ethylene glycol) esters using low energy collision-induced dissociation in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Chen

2002

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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A method of characterizing polyglycol esters, an important class of industrial polymer, has been developed using electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry (ESI ITMS). The fragmentation behavior of polyglycol esters is found to be different from that of polyglycols whose functional end groups are linked to the polymer chain via ether bonds (i.e., polyglycol ethers). The fragmentation pattern of an oligomer ion generated by low-energy collisioninduced dissociation is strongly dependent on the type of cation used for ionization. It is shown that structural information on the polymer chain and end groups is best obtained by examining the fragment ion spectra of oligomers ionized by ammonium, alkali, and transition metal ions. T andem mass spectrometry using either matrixassisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) or electrospray ionization (ESI) is being developed as a tool for polymer structural characterization [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. We are particularly interested in characterizing functional polyglycols, including poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly(propylene glycol) (PPG), and their copolymers [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Structural characterization of this type of polymer is important because polyglycols are widely used in industry with their properties strongly depending on not only molecular weights, but also structures and compositions. Recently, polyglycols have also been increasingly used in biotechnical and biomedical applications such as the development of slow releasing drugs [20,21]. Traditionally, polyglycols were thought to be difficult to fragment in low-energy CID tandem MS. In our recent work, we demonstrated that lithium and transition metal ions could form adduct ions with polyglycol in ESI, and these adduct ions could readily undergo fragmentation [15,16]. The resulting fragment ion spectra were very informative for the structural characterization of polyglycol. Our previous study was focused on alcohol ethoxylates whose end-groups are linked to polyglycol chains via ether-type C™O bonds (i.e., polyglycol ethers). The results generated therein were compared to earlier studies of the same type of polyglycols employing fast atom bombardment (FAB) MS/MS by Latimer and coworkers [22][23][24][25].Poly(ethylene glycol) ester, especially fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate (FAMEE), is another class of polyglycol which can be used as an alternative to alcohol ethoxylates in many industrial applications. With varying alkyl chain lengths in the fatty acid moiety, a wide range of hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) values can be achieved to suit different applications [14]. They are extensively used as non-ionic bases for cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, non-ionic emulsifiers for vegetable and mineral oils, thickening agents for creams, anti-static agents for plastics, and non-ionic surfactants. Despite active MS study on alcohol ethoxylates [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], the literature on ester ethoxylates is scarce [5,16,63].In this work, we report a metho...

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Tandem mass spectrometry of polyglycols

Cited by 56 publications

References 26 publications

Systematic MALDI‐TOF CID Investigation on Different Substituted mPEG 2000

Systematic MALDI‐TOF CID Investigation on Different Substituted mPEG 2000

Microstructural and conformational studies of polyether copolymers

Characterization of poly(ethylene glycol) esters using low energy collision-induced dissociation in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

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