Taneyan Lanjang Shared Home Gardens and Sustainable Rural Livelihoods of Ethnic Madurese in Madura Island, Indonesia

Abstract

The ethnic Madurese are among the top five most populous ethnic groups in Indonesia. Their traditional settlements have a special design called Taneyan Lanjang (TL). TL settlements consist of several elements, which are arranged in a specific pattern that is affected by local and Islamic culture. The gardening space of a TL settlement—here referred to as the shared home garden (SHG)—is shared by several family households. The ethnic Madurese apply traditional knowledge to manage their home gardens. This study investigated the features of TLs and SHGs, mostly in relation to cultural matters, the utilization of plants, management based on local knowledge, and their contribution to rural livelihoods. The study area consisted of the four regencies of Madura Island, Indonesia. A total of 200 TL settlements were observed, and 4 key informants and 400 respondents who were engaged in TL were questioned through in-depth interviews. The plant species cultivated in the SHGs were recorded and identified according to the database of The Plant List. In total, 108 plant species within 40 plant families were recorded. Fabaceae had the highest number of species, with 10 species (9.26%), most of which are used as food (65.7%). We identified and characterized the most important services and functions provided by SHGs to rural livelihoods that directly benefit rural communities.

Plants diversity and socioecological functions of homegarden in Sundanese rural area: A case in Sumedang District, West Java, Indonesia

“…Planting a homegarden with a wide range of annual and perennial species ensures that it will meet its contents' quality and nutritional needs. The use of edible plants enhances the food security of rural people (Park et al 2019;Castaneda-Navarrette 2021;Ngcaba et al 2021;Saediman et al 2021;Setiani et al 2022;Turnsek et al 2022).…”

Sweet Basil between the Soul and the Table—Transformation of Traditional Knowledge on Ocimum basilicum L. in Bulgaria

“…Ornamental value was found to be an important factor in the introduction of more plant taxa in home gardens, especially in rural areas where more gardening space is available [189,190]. However, in Bulgarian home gardens, food plants were found to be a leading incentive, a feature more typical of tropical home gardens [191][192][193], as they were used for subsistence farming before and during Communism [123]. Broadening the inquiries regarding preference and selection of varieties/landraces to grow and/or consume/utilize among a larger sample would elucidate motivation drivers to cultivate certain varieties/landraces.…”

Gastronomic ethnobotany of traditional vegetables among the Sundanese in rural West Java, Indonesia

“…Homegardens are generally characterized by different vegetation strata composed of trees, shrubs, and herbs associated with annual and perennial cultivated plants and livestock components, such as chickens (Sujarwo and Caneva 2015;Mellise et al 2018). As a result, the traditional homegarden can be classified as agroforestry, a land-use system that resembles a forest in structure and provides various ecological and socio-economic functions (Paembonan 2018;Setiani et al 2022). The ecological functions of the traditional homegardens include gene bank, hydrology and erosion control, carbon sequestration, soil nourishment, and habitat for birds and insects (Suwartapradja 2023).…”

“…The ecological functions of the traditional homegardens include gene bank, hydrology and erosion control, carbon sequestration, soil nourishment, and habitat for birds and insects (Suwartapradja 2023). While various socio-economic and cultural functions of homegarden, including providing additional carbohydrate staple food, fruits, vegetables, traditional herbal medicinal, industrial, handicrafts, and medicinal (Agustina et al 2020;Ramadhani et al 2021;Ramli et al 2021;Setiani et al 2022;Vinceti et al 2022 ). These products are mainly used for subsistence economic purposes to fulfill daily needs of home consumption to improve food security and healthy nutrition, but some surpluses, such as fruits, can be sold to obtain additional income (Iskandar et al 2018a;Castañeda-Navarrete 2021;Gerny et al 2021;Ivanova et al 2021;Turnsek et al 2022).…”