The ethnic Madurese are among the top five most populous ethnic groups in Indonesia. Their traditional settlements have a special design called Taneyan Lanjang (TL). TL settlements consist of several elements, which are arranged in a specific pattern that is affected by local and Islamic culture. The gardening space of a TL settlement—here referred to as the shared home garden (SHG)—is shared by several family households. The ethnic Madurese apply traditional knowledge to manage their home gardens. This study investigated the features of TLs and SHGs, mostly in relation to cultural matters, the utilization of plants, management based on local knowledge, and their contribution to rural livelihoods. The study area consisted of the four regencies of Madura Island, Indonesia. A total of 200 TL settlements were observed, and 4 key informants and 400 respondents who were engaged in TL were questioned through in-depth interviews. The plant species cultivated in the SHGs were recorded and identified according to the database of The Plant List. In total, 108 plant species within 40 plant families were recorded. Fabaceae had the highest number of species, with 10 species (9.26%), most of which are used as food (65.7%). We identified and characterized the most important services and functions provided by SHGs to rural livelihoods that directly benefit rural communities.

The worldwide COVID-19 epidemic has had a great impact on farming and socioeconomic institutions all over the globe.This study aims to understand farmer knowledge and perceptions of the impacts of the one-year COVID-19 pandemic on agricultural systems. We purposefully picked 400 farmers from four regencies in Madura Island, Indonesia. The survey was administered from April to August 2021. Maize, rice, peanuts, tobacco, cassava, and chili peppers are the five most cultivated plants, while chicken and cattle are the main livestock raised. Farmers’ perceptions, measured on a 5-point Likert scale (from 1—not affected, to 5—severely affected), showed that COVID-19 had an average minor to moderate effect (average score of 2.49±0.9) on the agriculture system. The greatest impact is on farm income (average scale of 3.76±0.79), while the ability to plant crops in the upcoming season is the lowest (average scale of 1.2±0.56).

Penambahan pengawet alami pada sari buah bertujuan untuk mencegah kerusakan pada minuman sari buah. Penambahan pengawet alami tentunya akan menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan sifat sensoris. Oleh sebab itu pengamatan sifat sensoris pada minuman sari buah salak diperlukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik sensoris pada sari buah salah yang ditambahi pengawet ekstrak kulit buah manggis. Faktor yang digunakan yaitu konsentrasi ekstrak kulit manggis (0%; 1.5%; 2.5% ; 3.5%; 4.5% dan 5.5%) yang akan ditambahkan dalam pembuatan sari buah salak. Karakteristik sensoris minuman sari buah salak menunjukkan nilai kesukaan paling tinggi pada atribut warna yaitu 3.17±0.65, nilai aroma 3.13±0.63, nilai rasa 3.27±0,78 dan nilai keseluruhan 3.07±0.

ABSTRACT