Tannin-Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Resin and Flax Fiber Biocomposites

Sauget, A.; Zhou, Xiaojian; Pizzi, A.

doi:10.7569/jrm.2013.634128

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Mimosa tannin, a natural polyphenol structure, consists of three phenolic rings termed A, B and C (Figure 1) is mainly extracted from wood bark, which is the most abundant natural aromatic bio-source after lignin (Raknes 1997). This was strongly inspiring for continuous development of replacements for PF resins (Pasch et al 2001, Sauget et al 2014.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formaldehyde free tannin-based adhesive with epoxy as hardener for plywood

Liu

Zhou

Essawy

et al. 2022

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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A renewable tannin-based resin adhesive with enhanced bonding strength, good water resistance and long storage life has been prepared based on tannin, furfural and furfuryl alcohol coming from forest and agricultural products. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS) and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) indicated that furfuryl alcohol and furfural can react with tannin under acidic conditions, with the involvement of -CH2-O-groups in the cross-linking of tannin-furfuryl alcohol-furfural resin (TFF) adhesive. The gel time of TFF was longer than that of tannin-furfural resin (TF), while the shear strength of TFF-bonded plywood suggested that the cured TFF adhesive acquired a performance superior to that of tannin (T) and TF adhesives. Furthermore, water resistance of TFF adhesive could be further enhanced with respect to T and TF adhesives through crosslinking with 3 % epoxy resin (EPR).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formaldehyde free tannin-based adhesive with epoxy as hardener for plywood

Liu

Zhou

Essawy

et al. 2022

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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“…[ 12,13 ] Resorcinol‐formaldehyde resin is a popular resorcinol‐based polymeric material used to develop wood adhesives, composites, foams, and organogels. [ 14–16 ] 1,3‐Bis(2‐hydroxyethoxy)benzene (HER) was prepared using resorcinol and ethylene carbonate, and the polyesters using HER have also been reported. [ 7,17 ] In patents, [ 18–23 ] it has been claimed that the HER unit imparts high gas barrier property to polymeric materials owing to the kinky structure of resorcinol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substituent Effects on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Resorcinol‐Based Semiaromatic Polyesters

Goto

Abe

2022

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Recently biobased plastics draw attention as eco‐friendly materials, and it is important to study the effects of substituents, which are popularly found in natural products, on the characteristics of the resulted polymers. In this study, twelve resorcinol‐based semiaromatic polyesters are successfully synthesized using four types of resorcinol derivatives (resorcinol, 2‐methylresorcinol, 5‐methylresorcinol, and 2,5‐dimethylresorcinol) and three types of dicarboxylic acids (glutaric acid, adipic acid, and pimelic acid) to investigate the effect of methylation at the 2‐ and 5‐positions in resorcinol. Glass‐transition temperature of the polyesters is located from ‐3.1 to 37.9 °C, and rises with increasing the number of methyl groups in a resorcinol unit. Crystallinity of the polyesters decreases by methylation to a resorcinol unit, except the polyester from 2‐methylresorcinol and pimelic acid. The mechanical properties of the solvent‐cast films for the polyesters are tunable by the site and number of methyl groups in a resorcinol unit. The major thermal degradation of the polyesters is observed above 300 °C, and the minor thermal decomposition appears between 100 and 200 °C for the polyesters without the resorcinol methylated at the 2‐position and pimelic acid unit.

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“…However, compared with phenol, condensed tannin has more number of phenolic hydroxyl groups and a complex structure along with poor mechanical properties and low reactivity. Therefore, cross-linking between tannin and formaldehyde resulted in reasonable mechanical properties (Sauget et al 2014). Furthermore, furfuryl alcohol was used instead of formaldehyde to react with condensed tannin to obtain a non-toxic bio-based tannin-furanic acid (TF) thermosetting resin, which is used for the fabrication of grinding wheels (Zhang et al 2015, Lagel et al 2015a, rigid plastic (Li et al 2013), foams (Zhou et al 2019, Celzard et al 2010, Lacoste et al 2013, Lacoste et al 2014 and wood adhesives (Abdullah and Pizzi 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and performance of tannin-glyoxal-urea resin-bonded grinding wheel loaded with SiO2 reinforcing particles

Zhang

Liu

Zhou

et al. 2021

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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In this study, an easily prepared bio-based abrasive grinding wheel based on tannin-glyoxal-urea (TGU) thermosetting matrix is presented.The synthesised resin was prepared via co-polycondensation reaction of glyoxal and ureawith condensed tannin, which is a forest-derived product. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry results confirmed that urea and glyoxal react well under acidic conditions and that -(OH)CH-NH-group is primarily involved in TGU cross-linking. Differential scanning calorimetry, thermomechanical analysis and thermogravimetric analysis investigations showed that the preparation of TGU resin is easier compared to commercial phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin; moreover, TGU resin has a more robust chemical network structure, which contributes efficiently to heat resistance and improved mechanical properties. This observation is supported by Brinell hardness, compression resistance and grinding testing; these showed that the new grinding wheel acquired higher hardness, superior resistance against compression and stronger abrasion resistance compared with a PFbased grinding wheel prepared in the laboratory. Moreover, few holes and no cracks were found in the new grinding wheel.

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Tannin-Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Resin and Flax Fiber Biocomposites

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Formaldehyde free tannin-based adhesive with epoxy as hardener for plywood

Formaldehyde free tannin-based adhesive with epoxy as hardener for plywood

Substituent Effects on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Resorcinol‐Based Semiaromatic Polyesters

Preparation and performance of tannin-glyoxal-urea resin-bonded grinding wheel loaded with SiO2 reinforcing particles

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