Target‐controlled infusion of propofol in dogs – evaluation of four targets for induction of anaesthesia

Musk, Gabrielle C.; Pang, Daniel S. J.; Beths, Thierry; Flaherty, Derek

doi:10.1136/vr.157.24.766

Cited by 51 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In other species, including people, rapid administration of propofol frequently results in apnoea, whereas slower infusion avoids this. 14,15 Although the slower administration rate may have reduced the incidence of apnoea, it is not likely to have significantly altered the dose of propofol required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of propofol and sevoflurane for surgical anaesthesia in New Zealand White rabbits

2010

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New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits (n ¼ 34) received intravenous propofol (16 + 5 mg/kg) for induction of anaesthesia followed by maintenance with sevoflurane (4.0 + 0.5%) in oxygen. All animals underwent ovariohysterectomy. Heart rate, respiratory rate, haemoglobin oxygen saturation, end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration, end-tidal sevoflurane concentration and oesophageal temperature were monitored every 5 min. Time from induction of anaesthesia to tracheal extubation and sternal recumbency were recorded as was the quality of recovery. Direct arterial blood pressure values (mmHg) were recorded every 5 min from 19 rabbits and 22 arterial blood gases analyses were performed (11 postintubation and 11 at the time of recovery). Propofol produced smooth induction of anaesthesia without production of apnoea. Intubation was successfully performed in all but one rabbit in an average of 4 + 3 min from the beginning of propofol administration. No ventilatory support was required during the anaesthetic period. Respiratory rate averaged 51 + 8 bpm and end-tidal CO 2 (kPa) was 4.0 + 0.5 mmHg during anaesthesia. Blood gas values were maintained within normal limits and average mean arterial blood pressure was 73.4 + 7.9 mmHg. Time to regain the swallowing reflex following discontinuation of sevoflurane was 2 + 1 min and time to sternal recumbency was 8 + 0.3 min. No anaesthetic-related mortality occurred and all animals recovered uneventfully. Propofolsevoflurane anaesthesia produced a good quality of surgical anaesthesia for ovariohysterectomy and stable cardiopulmonary conditions. Propofol-sevoflurane anaesthesia in young healthy NZW rabbits appears to be an effective and practically useful method of anaesthesia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of propofol and sevoflurane for surgical anaesthesia in New Zealand White rabbits

2010

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“…The intermittent bolus administration can result in high peak plasma levels and an excessive depth of anesthesia, alternating with periods of inadequate anesthesia, while infusion technique provides a continuous steady-state concentration of the drug, producing a more stable plane of anesthesia. 3,6,7 Surgical intervention requires an ideal anesthetic, with sufficient analgesic and muscle relaxant effects. Such characteristics may be difficult to be present in a sole agent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Total Intravenous Anesthesia by Ketamine-Xylazine Constant Rate Infusion in Dogs: A Novel Preliminary Dose Study

Ibrahim¹

2017

Vet Med Open J

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Background and Aims:The use of ketamine-xylazine for total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) by constant rate infusion (CRI) has not been well-documented in literature. The present study aimed to define the optimal dosage of ketamine-xylazine for TIVA in dogs and its effects on physiological body parameters. Materials and Methods: Twenty mongrel dogs were randomly assigned to four treatment protocols (n=5): A (0.5 mg kg -1 , ketamine+ 0.25 mg kg -1 , xylazine and 0.6 mg kg.5 mg kg -1 , xylazine and 10 mg kg.5 mg kg -1 xylazine and 5 mg kg -1 h -1 , ketamine+0.5 mg kg -1 h -1 xylazine), and D (2 mg kg -1 ketamine+1 mg kg -1 xylazine and 10 mg kg -1 h -1 , ketamine+1 mg kg -1 h -1 xylazine) for induction and maintenance of anesthesia, respectively. Results: The anesthesia was deep in protocols B, C, and D (pedal reflex of grade=0), but light in the protocol A (pedal reflex of grade=3). Animals in both protocols B and C showed paddling and tonic clonic convulsions. All the protocols recorded a non-significant increase in the body temperature but; a significant decrease in the respiratory rate. There was a nonsignificant decrease in the heart rate in protocols A and C; while a non-significant increase was recorded in protocols B and D. Conclusion: The protocol D could be considered as the optimal dosage of ketamine-xylazine for TIVA by CRI in dogs, with minimal effects on vital body parameters, for extended surgical interventions.

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“…Apnea was a frequent adverse effect after rapid bolus propofol administration for induction [25][26][27][28] . Musk et al 29 investigated 4 different doses of propofol and recorded a higher incidence of apnea with higher doses. There are also studies, in which propofol was administered slowly for induction and no adverse effects associated with respiratory depression were reported 7,8,22 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Propofol-Remifentanil and Propofol-Fentanyl Anesthesia During Ovariohysterectomy in Dogs

Kürüm¹,

Pekcan²,

Kalender³

et al. 2013

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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The aim of the study was to evaluate the cardiorespiratory and clinical effects of propofol and remifentanil anesthesia compared to propofol and fentanyl anesthesia during ovariohysterectomy in dogs. Sixteen healthy dogs were randomly assigned to two groups. After premedication with atropine, anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with the infusion of propofol at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg/min. Once stable anesthesia was achieved, 1 µg/kg remifentanil or 2 µg/kg fentanyl was administered intravenously, and infusion was begun at a dose of 0.6 µg/kg/min and 0.5 µg/kg/min, respectively. Cardiorespiratory variables were recorded after propofol administration combined with remifentanil or fentanyl at 10-min intervals, and the quality of anesthesia, return of spontaneous ventilation, head lift and sternal position were also recorded. Apnea was observed after remifentanil and fentanyl administration in all dogs. Heart rate, systolic and mean arterial blood pressures tended to decrease rapidly after remifentanil and fentanyl administration, and during the first 20 min, in both groups. Although the difference between times was significant, the difference between groups was statistically insignificant. Recovery periods were longer in the fentanyl group than in the remifentanil group. The administration of propofol with remifentanil or fentanyl provides a stable haemodynamic state and depth of anesthesia with a constant infusion, and remifentanil could be preferred to fentanyl when aiming a rapid recovery period. Propofol, Remifentanil, Fentanyl, Anesthesia, Cardiorespiratory, Recovery, Dog Köpeklerde Ovariohisterektomi Operasyonunda Propofol-Remifentanil ve Propofol-Fentanil Anestezisinin Karşılaştırılması Keywords: ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı köpeklerde ovariohysterektomi operasyonunda propofol-remifentanil ile propofol-fentanil anestezisinin etkinliğini ve kardiyorespiratorik etkilerini karşılaştırmaktır. Bu amaçla 16 adet yetişkin, dişi köpek rastgele iki gruba (n=8) ayrıldı. Anesteziye atropin ile premedikasyon yapılarak başlandıktan sonra propofol ile indüksiyon yapıldı ve 0.5 mg/kg/dk dozunda propofol infüzyonuna başlandı. Stabil anesteziden sonra ilk gruba 1 µg/kg remifentanil, ikinci gruba 2 µg/kg fentanyl bolus olarak uygulandı. Remifentanil ve fentanil infüzyonu sırasıyla 0.6 µg/kg/dk ve 0.5 µg/kg/dk dozunda devam edildi. Kardiyovasküler değişiklikler propofol sonrası, remifentanil veya fentanil sonrası ve operasyon süresince 10 dakika aralıklarla kaydedildi. Anestezinin derinliği, spontan ventilasyonun başlama, kafayı kaldırma ve sternal pozisyona gelme zamanları kaydedildi. Tüm olgularda remifentanil ve fentanil uygulamasından sonra apnea oluşumu gözlendi. Her iki grupta da kalp atım hızı, sistolik (SAP) ve ortalama arteriyel basınç (MAP) değerlerinin remifentanil ve fentanil uygulanmasından sonra hızla düştüğü ve ilk 20 dakikada düşmeye devam ettiği görüldü. Bu değerlerde zaman içindeki farklılıklar istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olarak kaydedilirken, gruplar arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı olmadığı ...

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Target‐controlled infusion of propofol in dogs – evaluation of four targets for induction of anaesthesia

Cited by 51 publications

References 13 publications

The use of propofol and sevoflurane for surgical anaesthesia in New Zealand White rabbits

The use of propofol and sevoflurane for surgical anaesthesia in New Zealand White rabbits

Evaluation of Total Intravenous Anesthesia by Ketamine-Xylazine Constant Rate Infusion in Dogs: A Novel Preliminary Dose Study

Comparison of Propofol-Remifentanil and Propofol-Fentanyl Anesthesia During Ovariohysterectomy in Dogs

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