Target-oriented Gaussian beam migration using a modified ray tracing scheme

Abstract

For large-scale 3D seismic data, target-oriented reservoir imaging is more attractive than conventional full-volume migration, in terms of computation efficiency. Gaussian beam migration (GBM) is one of the most robust depth imaging method, which not only keeps the advantages of ray methods, such as high efficiency and flexibility, but also allows us to solve caustics and multipathing problems. But conventional Gaussian beam migration requires slant stack for prestack data, and ray tracing from beam center location to subsurface, which is not easy to be directly applied for target-oriented imaging. In this paper, we modify the conventional Gaussian beam migration scheme, by shooting rays from subsurface image points to receivers to implement wavefield back-propagation. This modification helps us to achieve a better subsurface illumination in complex structure and allows simple implementation for target reservoir imaging. Significantly, compared with the wavefield-based GBM, our method does not reconstruct the subsurface snapshots, which has higher efficiency. But the proposed method is not as efficient as the conventional Gaussian beam migration. Synthetic and field data examples demonstrate the validity and the target-oriented imaging capability of our method.

A deep learning network for estimation of seismic local slopes

“…Machine learning refers to the process that perceives the data environment and discovers as well as learns information from the data, and further makes strategic decisions that maximize the chance of successfully achieving specific goals (Murphy 2012;Valentine and Kalnins 2016;Chen 2018;). Compared with traditional technique, machine learning may achieve higher efficiency and precision (Chen et al 2016;Wu et al 2019b;Wu et al 2020b;Zhang et al 2019b). The machine learning-based technique has drawn a lot of attention from various kinds of fields, such as medical science, biomedical engineering, text processing, (electronic) commerce, internet engineering (Chan et al 2002;Vafeiadis et al 2015).…”

“…As one of the geometric attributes of seismic signal, the local slopes contain complete information of the reflection geometry, which is of great significance to the analysis of seismic data. An accurate estimation of the slope information can benefit many subsequent procedures such as horizons interpretation (Fomel 2010;Wu and Hale 2015), structure enhancement (Hale 2009;Liu et al 2010), incoherent/ coherent noise attenuation (Liu et al 2015;Huang et al 2017), deblending (Huang et al 2018), seismic interpolation/reconstruction (Gan et al 2016;Huang and Liu 2020), inversion (Yao et al 2020;Liu et al 2020a) and imaging (Fomel 2007;Zhang et al 2019b). The introduction of local slopes into seismic data processing can be traced back to the work of Rieber (1936), in this basic, a method of controlled direction reception is developed, which can achieve excellent results in seismic processing and interpretation (Riabinkin 1957).…”

Three-dimensional elastic reverse-time migration using a high-order temporal and spatial staggered-grid finite-difference scheme

“…Seismic migration can convert the collected seismic data into the attribute images of the Earth's interior medium, being a benefit for structure characterization and lithology identification. In contrast to ray-based migration (Bleistein, 1987;Zhang et al, 2019), wave equation migration exploits the kinematics and dynamics of seismic data to generate highprecision images (Claerbout and Doherty, 1972;Gazdag, 1978). Based on the two-way wave equation simulation, reverse-time migration (RTM) uses primary reflections to generate the Earth's structural image, and it also presents no dip limitations (McMechan, 1983;Whitmore, 1983).…”

Unveiling Accurate Seismic Imaging through the Advanced Target-Oriented Kirchhoff Migration Method

“…Even so, people's perception remains that computing RTM demands significant computational cost. The latest study conducted by Zhang et al (2018) [16] showcased the benefits of Gaussian beam migration to fulfill the demands of target-oriented imaging through the application of a modified ray-tracing scheme. Even though they successfully formulated a target-oriented imaging algorithm, the proposed method still required a huge number of computations due to the ray calculations.…”