Targeted Designing of Multimodal Tumor-Seeking Nanomedicine for Breast Cancer-Specific Triple-Therapeutic Effects

Abstract

Integrated tumor-seeking nanomedicine (TSN) is designed to achieve a high therapeutic anticancer effect that is highly desirable for effective cancer treatment to overcome the detrimental effects of conventional therapies. However, direct administration of drugs cannot achieve a high level of specificity, which remains a formidable challenge. To address the confines, incorporation of multifunctionalities to maximize the specificity of TSN must be performed; TSN picks up multiple cargoes that are initially arrested at the core location and delivers each type simultaneously to a specified destination. Here, we introduce a valuable approach of Her2/neu-rich tumor cell surface-receptor-targeting TSN, which was highly pH-responsive and significantly realized the selective triple-therapeutic effects of blocking Her2/neu functions, chemotherapy, and phototherapy (photodynamic therapy (PDT)/ photothermal therapy (PTT)). Therefore, the unprecedented selectivity of TSN provides a triple-therapeutic effect to spread the repertoire of "TSN" targets for future clinically relevant translation in improving breast cancer therapy.

Advantages of Nanomedicine in Cancer Therapy: A Review

“…A novel approach introduced by Yasothamani et al involves the concept of integrated tumor-seeking nanomedicine (TSN), which seeks to overcome conventional therapy limitations by incorporating multiple cargoes for simultaneous delivery to designated sites . TSN effectively blocked Her2/neu tumor cell surface receptors, offering triple therapeutic effectschemotherapy, PDT, and PTTfor improved breast cancer treatment.…”

Immune-theranostic gold nanorod-based NIR-responsive nanomedicine for the delivery of TLR7/8 adjuvant-induced effective anticancer therapy

“…The importance of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in anticancer immune surveillance has increased in recent years; however, they were originally studied for their ability to trigger innate immune responses. 36,37 TLR7/8 activation is critical for the development of an efficient antitumor immune response because it increases the number of CD8 + T cells, which recognize tumor antigens. 38 The FDA has approved R848 for local use in cancer therapy, which increases cytokine production and activates macrophages.…”

Ultra-small NIR-Responsive Nanotheranostic Agent for Targeted Photothermal Ablation Induced Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) from Post-PTT of Tumor Cells Activate Immunogenic Cell Death

“…PTT which utilizes photothermal agents (PTAs) to transform light to heat for the thermal ablation of cancer cells, has drawn in incredible consideration in view of specific benefits, for example, negligible intrusiveness, high explicitness, hardly any inconveniences, and low toxicity to healthy tissues. Studies have been given in the investigation of various nano-PTAs for PTT 2 , 3 . Therefore, cancer cells death is initiated by the heat generated in the tumor site under the exposure NIR.…”